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Repetition > Endocrine Biochem Results > Flashcards

Endocrine Biochem Results Flashcards

1
Q

High Ca2+, high PTH

Low serum phosphate

A

Primary hyperparathyroidism

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2
Q

Low Ca2+, high PTH

and high phosphate

A

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

PTH is high in (physiological) response to low Ca, so reduced negative feedback e.g. chronic renal failure (which also results in increased serum phosphate)

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3
Q

High Ca2+, high PTH

and high phosphate

A

Tertiary hyperparathyroidism

Occurs after long-term secondary hyperparathyroidism

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4
Q

Low Ca2+, high PTH, high phosphate and short fourth and fifth metacarpals

A

Pseudohypoparathyroidism

Low calcium results in high PTH (as it should)
Note: biochem is all normal in pseudo-pseudohypoparathyroidism, but phenotype remains

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5
Q

High Ca2+, high Alk phos, normal phosphate, normal PTH

A

Malignancy

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6
Q

Low Ca2+, high PTH, high alk. phos, low phosphate

A

Osteomalacia (Rickets)

Note: Ca2+ and phosphate are normal in osteoporosis

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7
Q

High serum Ca2+, high (or normal) PTH, low urine Ca2+

A

Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcaemia

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8
Q

High alk phos, normal calcium, normal phosphate

A

Paget’s disease (increased bone turnover, results in bone pain, deformity & headaches due to compression)

Note Ca2+ may be increased after a period of immobilisation

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9
Q

Suggest what biochemical results you may expect in malignancy
(Ca2+, alk phos, phosphate and PTH level)

A

High calcium and alk phos.
Low PTH (due to high calcium and increased feedback)
Normal phosphate

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10
Q

Suggest what biochemical results you may expect in primary hyperparathyroidism
(Ca2+, alk phos, phosphate and PTH level)

A

High PTH, high Ca2+
Normal alk phos
Low phosphate (due to high PTH)

(Calcium is high due to increased PTH…parathyroid hormrone works to increase plasma calcium levels)

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11
Q

Suggest what biochemical results you may expect in secondary hyperparathyroidism
(Ca2+, alk phos, phosphate and PTH level)

A

High PTH
High phosphate (due to kidney disease)
Low calcium (in response to high PTH)
Normal alk phos

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12
Q

Suggest what biochemical results you may expect in tertiary hyperparathryoidism
(Ca2+, phosphate and PTH level)

A

High PTH
High calcium
High phosphate (kidney disease)

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13
Q

Suggest what biochemical results you may expect in hypoparathyroidism
(Ca2+, alk phos, phosphate and PTH level)

A

Low PTH
Low calcium
Normal or low phosphate
Normal alk phos

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14
Q

Low Ca2+, low PTH, low phosphate, normal alk phos

A

Hypoparathyroidism

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15
Q

Suggest what biochemical results you may expect in pseudohypoparathyroidism
(Ca2+, alk phos, phosphate and PTH level)

A

High PTH
Low calcium
Normal alk phos
High PTH plus phenotype

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16
Q

Suggest what biochemical results you may expect in pseudo-pseudohypoparathyroidism
(Ca2+, alk phos, phosphate and PTH level)

A

Normal biochem, but phenotype of pseudohypoparathyroidism

17
Q

Suggest what biochemical results you may expect in Paget’s disease
(Ca2+, alk phos, phosphate and PTH level)

A

Normal calcium (may be high after a period of inactivity) and phosphate
High alk phos.
PTH normal

18
Q

Suggest what biochemical results you may expect in osteomalacia
(Ca2+, alk phos, phosphate and PTH level)

A

Low calcium
High PTH (reduced negative feedback from Ca2+)
High alk phos
Normal phosphate

19
Q

Suggest what biochemical results you may expect in osteoporosis
(Ca2+, alk phos, phosphate and PTH level)

A

All results normal

20
Q

Suggest what biochemical results you may expect in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia
(Ca2+ and PTH level)

A

Low urine calcium
High serum calcium
Normal or high PTH

21
Q

Low Na, High K

A

Addisons

22
Q

High Na, Low K

A

Conns

23
Q

Predicted Na and K levels in Addisons?

A

Low Na

High K

24
Q

Predicted Na and K levels in Conns?

A

High Na

Low K

Repetition (17 decks)

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