Endocrine And Cardio Flashcards by April Baldauf

What are the chemical messengers which transfer information from one set of cells to another

Hormones

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the most common cause of an endocrine disorder

Adenoma- genetic or autoimmune

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which gland has two parts anterior and posterior and is called the master gland

Pituitary gland

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the four tropic hormones

TSH
ACTH
FSH
LH

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which gland secretes the growth hormone which stimulates growth of tissue and bone

Pituitary gland

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which pituitary gland hormone stimulates uterine contractions

Oxytocin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which hormone is deficient causing diabetes insipidus

ADH

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which gland produces T3 and T4 controlling a metabolic rate

Thyroid gland

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What term is used to describe an enlargement of the thyroid gland

Non-toxic goiter

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which thyroid disorder increases metabolism and causes hyperactive reflexes

Hyperthyroidism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the four tiny glands attached behind a thyroid

Parathyroid glands

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the major hormone of the adrenal cortex

Aldosterone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are some signs and symptoms of Cushing’s disease?

Change in appearance, moon face heavy trunk, fat at the back of the neck, fragile skin, glucose intolerance, sodium and water retention and decreased immune response

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the hormone secreted by the female gonads

Estrogen and progesterone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What hormones are secreted by the male gonads

Testosterone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What’s pituitary disorder in adults causes enlarged skull, hands and feet

Acromegaly

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which thyroid disorder causes edema, facial puffiness and thick tongue

Myxedema

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the signs and symptoms of toxic goiter/graves disease?

Hypermetabolism, increased temperature, increased heart rate and blood pressure, increased appetite, restlessness, thin, goiter, exophthalmos

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which gland produces melatonin responsible for the sleep/wake cycle

Pineal gland

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hypothalamus

Control his body temperature, hunger, thirst

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Parathyroid

Release hormone that regulates calcium in blood

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pancreatic islet

Beta cells, insulin
Alpha cells-glucagon
Delta cells-somatostatin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Adrenal gland

Mineralocorticoids
Aldosterone
Sex hormones
Renin and angiotensin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which blood vessels transport blood away from the heart

Arteries arterioles and capillaries

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which blood vessels transport blood back to the heart

Veins and venules

What are the upper heart chambers

Left and right atria

What are the lower chambers of the heart called

Left and right ventricle's

What are the four layers of the heart

Pericardium Epicardium Myocardium Endocardium

What part of the conduction system is the hearts natural pacemaker

SA node

What diagnostic test records the electrical activity of the heart

ECG, electrocardiogram

At what phase of the cardiac cycle are the ventricles relaxed

Diastole

At what phase of the cardiac cycle are the ventricles contracting

Systole

At what part of the ECG rhythm is atrial contraction occurring?

At what part of the ECG rhythm is a ventricular contraction occurring?

QRS

What is the measurement of the pressure against the arterial walls

Blood pressure

What is the normal range for an adult heart rate

60 – 100 beats per minute

What is the term used to describe an increased heart rate

Tachycardia

What is the term for decreased heart rate?

Bradycardia

What is a common diuretic used to reduce the fluid overload?

Lasix

What medical term means chest pain?

Angina

Which common cardiac medication increases contractility of the heart?

Digoxin

Which beta blocker is used to treat hypertension and arrhythmia?

Metoprolol

Which diagnostic test involves passing a catheter through a large vein to visualize inside the heart

Cardiac catheterization

What does the term auscultation mean?

Listening to the heart sounds

What is arteriosclerosis

Smaller arteries; walls to come thick and lumen Narrows, maybe, obstructed

What is atherosclerosis

Extreme; black often attaches with thrombi form in the walls of large arteries

Which cardiac condition occurs as a result of a total blockage of a coronary artery?

Myocardial infarction

What are the signs and symptoms of a right-sided heart failure?

Systemic back up; edema of feet or legs, ascites, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly

What are the signs and symptoms of left sided heart failure?

Pulmonary congestion, orthopnea, cough, hemopytes, rales

What condition is caused by decreased circulating blood volume that leads to decreased tissue perfusion and hypoxia

Hypotension

What is the condition called when there is inflammation and infection in the heart

Acute endocarditis

Hypovolemic

Loss of circulating blood caused by burns or peritonitis

Cardiogenic shock

Decreased pumping capability of heart caused by acute infarction or arrhythmia's.

Obstructive shock

Interference with blood flow through the heart

Anaphylactic shock

Allergic reaction; severe

Neurogenic/Vasogenic shock

Pooling of blood in the periphery caused by pain, fear, drugs or loss of SNS stimuli w/spinal cord injury

Septic shock

Virolent bacteria caused by severe infection

Septic shock

Virulent bacteria caused by severe infection

What is an embolus

Moving clot

Where does an atheroma commonly form with peripheral vascular disease-PVD

Abdominal aorta, femoral and iliac arteries

How can uncontrolled hypertension affect the body

Dementia Arteriosclerosis Heart attack/failure Kidney failure

ADH

Antidiuretic hormone

PTH

Parathyroid hormone

FSH

Follicle-stimulating hormone

TSH

Thyroid stimulating hormone

ACTH

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Growth hormone

SA node

Sino atrial node

AV node

Atrioventricular node

Blood pressure

ECG

Electrocardiogram

Heart rate

Cardiac output; volume of blood pumped in a minute

Stroke volume

CAD

Coronary artery disease

CHF

Congestive heart failure or

Myocardial infarction

Which diabetes occurs more frequently in children?

Type 1

What part of the endocrine systems is responsible for the carbohydrate metabolism which regulates blood sugar

Pancreatic Islets

What are the first S/Sx of shock?

Thirst and agitation

Coronary arteries supply blood to?

myocaridum

Congestive hear failure occurs when?

muscle is unable to pump enough blood to the body

What do beta blockers do?

Blocks the effect of adrenalin in the heart, slows it.

What is hypertension?

High blood pressure condition in which the force of the blood against the arterial walls are too strong, an increase in vasoconstriction. 1 in 3 people have it.

What is LUBB?

closure of AV valves at ventricular systole

What is DUBB?

closure of semi lunar valves at ventricular distole

What is arrhythmia?

abnormal heart rate

How do you measure CO?

CO=HRxSV