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Anatomy > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

0
Q

Types of hormone molecules

A

Amino acids. Peptides. Lipids

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1
Q

Endocrine system function

A

Regulate and control hormonal activity.

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2
Q

Tissue that hormones affect

A

Target

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3
Q

Location if steroid hormone

A

Target cells inner cell membrane surface

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4
Q

Non steroid hormones location

A

Plasma membrane outer surface

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5
Q

Effects of prostaglandins

A

Relax or contract smooth muscle
Decrease hydrochloric acid production
Clot blood
Coordinate cell activities

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6
Q

Negative feedback

A

A deviation from a set point is corrected by moving in the opposite direction

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7
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Base of brain
Sella turcica
Hanging from stalk
Has anterior and posterior part

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8
Q

GH (growth hormone)

A

Stimulate cell growth in size and number and replication

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9
Q

Altered amounts of GH result in

A

Gigantism and dwarfism

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10
Q

PLR (prolactin hormone)

A

Produce milk in mammary gland

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11
Q

Largest TSH tissue

A

Thyroid

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12
Q

Target tissue of FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)

A

Gonads

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13
Q

FSH in males and females

A

Sperm maturation

Egg production

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14
Q

LH (luteinizing)

A

Sex hormone secretion

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15
Q

ADH (anti diuretic hormone)

A

Tells kidneys to conserve water

Causes diabetes if not secreted

16
Q

Oxytocin

A

Contract uterus sperm duct prostate and ejects milk

17
Q

Thyroid relies on

A

Iodine

18
Q

Thyroid produces hormones that

A

Metabolize and use oxygen

19
Q

Adrenal glands secrete

A

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

20
Q

Adrenaline

A

Increase heart rate blood pressure and blood glucose

21
Q

Aldosterone

A

Conserves sodium ions in kidneys

22
Q

Glucocorticoids in times of stress

A

Increase rate of glucose formation and have anti inflammatory response

23
Q

Pancreas as endocrine and exocrine gland

A

Glucagon and insulin

Pancreatic juice

24
Q

Glucagon

A

Releases glycogen to put glucose in blood

made by ALPHA CELLS

25
Q

Insulin

A

Removes glucose from blood and stores as glycogen in liver

Made by BETA CELLS

26
Q

Calcitonin

A

Controls calcium ions

27
Q

PTH (parathyroid)

A

Increases calcium in blood and decreases PO4

28
Q

Makes extra sex hormones

A

Suprarenal cortex

29
Q

Hormone

A

Chemical messenger

30
Q

First messenger

A

Binds to plasma membrane receptors

31
Q

Second messenger

A

Triggered by first messenger in cytoplasm and alters enzyme activity

32
Q

G protein

A

Link between 1st and 2nd messenger

33
Q

C amp

A

2nd messenger that alters enzyme activity

34
Q

Links endocrine and nervous systems

A

Hypothalamus

35
Q

Ways of hormone secretion

A

Humoral stimuli
Hormonal stimuli
Neural stimuli

36
Q

MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone) target cells

A

Melanocytes

37
Q

Pineal gland

A

Slows sexual maturation
Protects against free radicals
Wake sleep cycle

Anatomy (8 decks)

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