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Anatomy > Brain > Flashcards

Brain Flashcards

1
Q

5 main parts

A 
Cerebrum
Diencephathon
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
Cerebellum
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2
Q

Choroid plexuses

A

Specialized areas of capillaries in pia mater of the ventricles that makes CSF

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3
Q

Ventricles

A

4 chambers connected via ducts

The last one becomes the central canal of the spinal cord

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4
Q

CSF

A

Cerebral spinal fluid

Circulated through ventricles and into central canal of spinal cord and absorbed into blood

Maintains a stable ionic concentration in CNS

Cushions brain and spinal cord

Gives wastes a pathway to blood

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5
Q

Cerebrum

A

Lobes of hemispheres: frontal parietal temporal occipital and insula

Made of gray and white matter

Interprets sensory info, voluntary muscle movement, memory, intelligence, personality

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6
Q

Gyri

A

Elevated surface ridges on cerebrum

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7
Q

Sulcus

A

Shallow groove

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8
Q

Fissure

A

Deep groove

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9
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

Thin layer of gray matter covering the cerebrum

Contains most neuron cell bodies

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10
Q

Hemisphere dominance

A

One side of the cerebrum is dominant (left side in most people)

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11
Q

Corpus callosum

A

Connects and transfers info from nondominant to dominant hemisphere

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12
Q

Electroencephalogram ( EEG )

A

Shows electrical activity of the brain neurons

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13
Q

Meninges

A

Surround brain and spinal cord
Dura mater: tough outermost layer
Arachnoid: second layer with some lymphatic fluid
Pia mater: innermost layer bound to neural tissue

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14
Q

Epidural space

A

Between dura mater of spinal cord and walls of vertebral canals

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15
Q

Subdural space

A

Between dura mater and second meningeal layer

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16
Q

Subarachnoid space

A

Filled with CSF
Deep in arachnoid
Delicate web of collagen and elastic

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17
Q

Spinal cord

A

Controls spinal reflexes

Highway for sensory/motor impulses to the brain

18
Q

Cervical enlargement

A

Supplies nerves to the shoulder girdles and upper limbs

19
Q

Lumbar enlargement

A

Provides nerves to pelvis and lower limbs

20
Q

Central canal

A

Narrow internal passageway filled with CSF

21
Q

Posterior median sulcus

A

Shallow groove in posterior surface if spinal cord

22
Q

Anterior median fissure

A

Deep groove in anterior surface of spinal cord

23
Q

Dorsal roots

A

Contain axons of sensory neurons and bring sensory info to the spinal cord

24
Q

Ventral roots

A

Contain axons of CNS motor neurons

25
Q

Spinal nerves

A

Sensory and motor roots bound together to form the outside of the vertebral canal

Are mixed nerves

26
Q

Posterior gray horns

A

Contain sensory nuclei

27
Q

Anterior gray horns

A

Motor control of skeletal muscles

28
Q

Gray commissure

A

Connects horns on either side of the spinal cord

29
Q

Ascending tracts

A

Carry sensory info towards the brain

30
Q

Descending tracts

A

Convey motor commands into spinal cord

31
Q

Ganglia

A

Relay station for motor impulses

32
Q

Basal nuclei

A

Gray matter in the hemispheres

33
Q

Limbic system

A

In cerebrum
Emotions
Long term memory
Link cerebral cortex with brainstem

34
Q

Diencephalon

A

Has switching and relay centers
Epithalamus
Thalamus
Hypothalamus

35
Q

Midbrain

A

Connects diencephalon and pons
Controls visual and some auditory reflexes
Can sense pain touch and temp and send messages

36
Q

Optic chiasma

A

Optic nerves cross

in midbrain

37
Q

Pituitary gland

A

In midbrain
Sits in sella turcica
Makes hormones and milk

38
Q

Pons

A

Connects cerebellum with midbrain diencephalon cerebrum and spinal cord

Controls breathing

39
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Inside foramen magnum and controls visceral centers and sneezing coughing and puking

40
Q

Reticular formation

A

Gray matter that activates the cerebral cortex

if injured people will go in a coma

41
Q

Cerebellum

A

Balance
Called arbor vitae
Damaged by drugs alcohol and strokes

42
Q

Nerves to know

A 
Optic: impulses from eyes
Auditory: impulses from ears
Phrenic: controls diaphragm 
Olfactory: sense of smell
Vagus: heart beat

Anatomy (8 decks)

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