endocrine Flashcards
produce somatostatin • A cells • B cells • parafollicular cells • D cells • F cells • none of the above
D
Which of the following is produced by cells whose cell bodies are in hypothalamic nuclei? • ADH • ACTH • FSH • LH/ ICSH • TSH • oxytocin
ADH and Oxytocin
Which of the following are true of brain sand?
• is found in diseased pineal bodies
• becomes decalcified by age
• is typically intensively basophilic
• serves as a storage depot for melatonin
• has usually a lamellar structure
baso and lamellar
Which of the following hormones play a role in calcium ions balance maintenance in the peripheral blood?
• calcitonin
• parathyroid hormone
• neither
both
Which of the following is/are true of pituicytes?
• contain neurosecreting granules
• are specific glial cells
• contain Herring bodies
• myelinate the axon of hypothalamic neurons
are specific glial cells
25% of pituicytes in the neurohypophysis
located in thyroid gland • A cells • B cells • parafollicular cells • D cells • F cells • none of the above
parafollicular cells!!!
Following statement concerning zona fasciculata are true except:
• cells contain only few tubules of smooth endoplasmic reticulum
• cells contain mitochondria of tubular type
• cells contain numerous lipid droplets
• cells are sensitive to ACTH stimulation
+—-
Which of the following are true of the adenohypophysis? • contains also blood sinusoids • acidophils and basophils are distinguished using standard techniques (e.g. H&E) • contains pituicytes • contains Herring bodies • produces oxytocin • includes pars nervosa • contains follicular cells
++—–
Which of the following is true of corticotropin?
• is a steroid hormone
• inhibits the production of glucocorticoids by the adrenal cortex
• enhances the production of glucocorticoids by the adrenal cortex
• enhances the production of corticotropin-releasing hormone by hypothalamus
• is produced by acidophils in the adenohypophysis
• its target cells include those that line the renal collecting ducts
–+—-
ACTH = corticotropin
is a peptide, not a steroid
secreted by basophils in adenohypophysis
Which of the following are true of the colloid within a thyroid follicle?
• contains the storage form of the thyroid hormone
• is produced by the adenohypophysis and stored in the thyroid
• consists of numerous thyroglobulin-containing membrane-limited vesicles
• molecules of thyroglobin are cleaved there
• is pinocytosed and digested by follicular cells in response to increased circulating levels of thyroxine
• normally contains significant concentration of iodine
+ (T1 and T2 stay there as storage)
- (produced by follicular cells of thyroid)
- (no membranes in exocytosis)
- (they are cleaved after pinocytosis back in to the follicular cells with lysosomes)
- (not due to increase of thyroxine but more thanks to TSH)
+
Which of the following statements concerning cells forming zona glomerulosa of adrenal cortex are true?
• contain fewer lipid droplets than cells situated in zona fasciculata
• contain mitochondria of tubular type
• their nuclei are elongated
• contain abundant granular endoplasmic reticulum
• contain less lipofuscin than cells situated in zona reticularis
++–+
secrete hormone that plays a role in basal metabolic rate control • corticotropic cells • gonadotropic cells • somatotropic cells • thyrotropic cells • mammotropic cells
thyrotropic
contain the smallest secretory granules in adenohypophysis • corticotopic cells • gonadotropic cells • somatotropic cells • thyrotropic cells • mammotropic cells
thyrotropic cells
What is the name of the area, which contains end-portion of axons of neurosecretory neurons producing hypophysotropic hormones? • pars nervosa • pars intermedia • pars tuberalis • pars distalis
tuberalis cause close to the stalk and primary capillary plexus
secrete hormone that plays a role in electrolyte and acid base balance control • corticotropic cells • gonadotropic cells • somatotropic cells • thyrotropic cells • mammotropic cells
corticotropic
