Endocrine

Question 1

Endocrine System

Answer 1

system composed of “ductless” glands that secrete hormones which regulate a variety of metabolic processes

Question 2

hormone

Answer 2

chemical messengers that influence the metabolism of recipient cells

Question 3

peptide hormones (epinephrine, oxytocin, etc.)

Answer 3

activate enzyme systems; require a “second messenger” such as cyclic AMP

Question 4

steroid hormones (testosterone, estrogen, etc.)

Answer 4

enter cells; activate DNA; transcription and translation

Question 5

Negative and positive feedback systems

Answer 5

a

Question 6

hypothalamus (stored in posterior pituitary)

Answer 6

1. ADH

2. oxytocin

Question 7

pituitary (anterior pituiatry)

Answer 7

1. TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone)
2. ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)
3. FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)
4. LH (luteinizing hormone)
5. PRL (prolactin)
6. Somatotropic (Growth hormone)
7. MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone)

Question 8

thyroid

Answer 8

1. thyroxine
2. triiodothyronine
3. calcitonin

Question 9

parathyroid gland

Answer 9

1. PTH (parathyroid hormone)

Question 10

adrenal gland

Answer 10

1. adrenal cortex
   a. glucocorticoids (cortisol)
   b. mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)
   c. sex hormones
2. adrenal medulla
   a. epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 11

pancreas

Answer 11

1. insulin

2. glucagon

Question 12

testes

Answer 12

testosterone

Question 13

ovaries

Answer 13

1. estrogen

2. progesterone

Question 14

thymus

Answer 14

thymosin

Question 15

pineal gland

Answer 15

melatonin

Question 16

digestive tract

Answer 16

1. gastrin- stimulates secretion of gastric juice
2. secretin- stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice
3. cholecystokinin- stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice and flow of bile from gall bladder