Endocrine Flashcards
Growth hormone
Secreted by somatotroph cells
ACTH
Adreno-corticotropic hormone
LH
Leutinising hormone
FSH
Follicle stimulating hormone
MSH
Melanocyte stimulating hormone
Secretory granules
Contain hormones, membrane bound
Somatotroph
Cells in anterior pituitary secreting somatotropin, with dense abundant secretory granules
Gonadotroph
Cells in anterior pituitary releasing gonadotropins, with distinct smaller secretory granules
Lactotroph
Release prolactin
Thyrotroph
Release TSH
Pituicyte
Supporting glial cells surrounding unmyelinated axon
Neurosecretion
Secretion of ADH and oxytocin
Thyroid colloid
Material containing thyroglobulin surrounded by follicles
Thyroglobulin
Inactive storage protein processed to make T4
T4- thyroxine and T3- triiodothyronine
Iodine containing hormones regulating basal metabolic rate, normal growth and maturation, lipid and carb metabolism
T4 converted to more potent T3 at target tissue
Calcitonin
Role in Ca regulation, secreted by parafollicular/ clear/ C cells
Chief/ principal cells
Secrete Parathyroid hormone (PTH) in parathyroid glands
Large round nucleus, pale cytoplasm
Oxyphil cells
Parathyroid cells with unknown function
Follicle
Synthesise thyroid hormones formed by single layer of cuboidal epithelium cells surrounding thyroid colloid
Zona glomerulosa
Outer zone of adrenal cortex, 5-10% mass of cortex
Secretes mineralocorticoids
Zona fasciculata
Intermediate zone of adrenal cortex, 75% of cortex
Many mitochondria and secrete glucocorticoids
Zona reticularis
Inner zone of adrenal cortex, 5-10% of cortex, secretes androgenic steroids
Aldosterone
Acts on kidney increasing sodium re absorption
Mineralocorticoid
Cortisol
Glucocorticoid
Stress hormone
Catecholamine
Secreted by adrenal medulla, includes adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine
Chromaffin cells
Cells in adrenal medulla, react with chromate salts
