Digestive System Flashcards
Pepsin
Secreted by peptic cells, enzyme digesting proteins
Mucin
Glycoprotein in mucous secreting cells
Canaliculi
Tubules
Parietal cells
Acid secreting/ oxyntic cells, secretes HCl and intrinsic factor
Peptic cells
Chief/ zymogen/ pepsin secreting cell Secretes pepsinogen (precursor of pepsin)
Enteroendocrine cell
At base of gastric glands- contain secretory granules
Enterocyte
Columnar epithelial cells participating in absorption and excretion
Gastric gland
Glands in stomach
Brunners glands
In duodenum, secrete alkaline mucus
Enteric nervous system
Quasi autonomous part of nervous system, controls motor function, blood flow, mucous secretion and transport, immune and endocrine dunction
Submucosal (meissner’s) nerve plexus
Plexus controlling submucosa
GI secretion and absorption, contraction of muscular is mucosa
Peyer’s patch
Part of GALT (Gut associated lymphoid tissue), in immune response
Mucosa
Epithelium- 1st layer
Laminate propria
Cellular connective tissue layer
Muscularis mucosa
Muscle in mucosal layer
Submucosa
2nd layer- connective tissue, blood and lymph
Muscularis propria
Smooth muscle, 3rd layer
Contracts
Adventitia
4th layer
Loose supporting tissue w nerves and blood
Serous cell (salivary gland)
Secrete protein rich fluid, round nuclei, RER at base and secretory granules at apex
Mucous cells
Secrete mucin, flat nucleus
Exocrine gland
Excrete factors into ducts
Salivary end piece (acinus)
Where ducts open into
Pancreatic juice
Alkaline fluid rich in digestive enzymes and electrolytes
Somatostatin
Hormone secreted by delta cells of pancreas
Acinar cells
Secrete inactive enzyme precursors (zymogens, eg amylase, trypsin)
F cells of pancreas
Secrete pancreatic polypeptide
Islets of langerhans
Contain alpha and beta cells
Endocrine vs exocrine
Exocrine into ductal system into epithelium, endocrine into blood directly
Body and fundus glands
Pepsin, HCl, mucus
Cardiac and pyloric glands
Mucus
What did brunners glands make
In pylorus and duodenum,
Make alkaline mucus- neutralises acidic chyme of stomach
What lies between villi
Crypts of leiberkuhn
Ganglion cells found between muscle layers
Myenteric plecus of Auerbach - controls GI movements
