Endocrime Flashcards
Calcitonin
Hormone secreted by the thyroid that lowers blood Ca++ levels by stimulating osteoblast activity by making new bone.
Endocrine gland
A gland that secretes its hormones directly into the bloodstream.
Exocrine gland
Glands that secrete their products) through a duct.
TSH
Hormone secreted by the Ant. Pituitary that stimulates the thyroid to secrete its hormones
ACTH
Gland located within the cerebrum that secretes melatonin which controls the
circadian rhythms and possibly the female menstrual cycle.
Diabetes mellitus
Condition in which insulin secretion is diminished/absent or not recognized resulting in a serious or fatal metabolic disorder.
Thyroxin
Thyroid hormone that increases energy output from carbohydrates an
increase in the rate of protein synthesis.
Hypothalamus
APortion of the interbrain which links the nervous system to the endocrine
system and controls almost all the endocrine glands.
Goiter
Severe swelling of the thyroid due to the hypersecretion of TSH or the lack of iodine in the diet.
Parathyroid
Endocrine gland which secretes a hormone that increases blood Cat+ levels
by stimulating osteoclast activity and reabsorption of Ca++ by the colon.
Ovaries
Female gonads wtich secrete estrogen and prosesterone.
Target Tissue
Certain cells or tissues which possess receptor sites sensitive to a specific hormone which produce strong physiological responses.
Diabetes insipidus
Condition in which ADH secretion is absent by the Post. Pituitary resulting in extremely large quantities of urine produced.
Testes
Male gonad that secretes testosterone.
Oxytocin
Hormone secreted by the Post. Pituitary which causes contractions of the uterus for childbirth and ejection of milk by the pregnant female breast.
GH
Hormone secreted by the Ant. Pituitary which stimulates the enlargement of cells
and/or mitotic division of cells.
ADH
W. Hormone secreted by the neurohypophysis which stimulates reabsorption of
water by the kidneys and large intestine.
FSH
Hormone secreted by the Ant. Pituitary which causes development of the egg
containing follicles in the female and sperm production in the male.
Acromegaly
Condition in which GH continues to be secreted after growth plate closure resulting in abnormal bone growth and abnormally large body parts.
Thyroid
Endocrine gland which secretes hormones which effect the metabolic rate
of the body and lowers blood Ca++ levels
LH
Hormone secreted by the Adenohypophysis which stimulates sex hormone
secretion by the gonads and release of the egg from the ovary.
Cretinism
Condition in which thyroid hormones are absent or diminished at birth which
if allowed to continue results in permanent mental disability.
Releasing Factors
Chemicals synthesized and secreted by the Hypothalamus which stimulates
the anterior pituitary to secrete its hormones.
