Endocarditis - Pathoma

Question 1

What is endocarditis?

Answer 1

Inflammation of endocardium that lines the surface of cardiac valves

Question 2

What bug only infects previously damaged valves causing subacute endocarditis?

Answer 2

Strep viridans

Question 3

What low virulence bug causes results in small vegetations that do not destory the valve?

Answer 3

Strep viridans

Question 4

What is the pathogenesis of infectious endocarditis due to Strep viridans?

Answer 4

• Damaged endocardial surface develops thrombotic vegetations
  
  • platelets
  • fibrin
• Transient bacteremia leads to trapping of bacteria in vegetations

Question 5

What high virulence bug infects normal valves causing large vegetations that destroy the valve (ACUTE IE)?

Answer 5

Staph aureus

Question 6

What bug causes endocarditis of prosthetic valves?

Answer 6

Staph epidermidis

Question 7

What bug cause endocarditis in patients with underlying colorectal carcinoma?

Answer 7

Strep bovis

Question 8

What organisms cause infectious endocarditis but result in negative blood cultures?

Answer 8

• HACEK organisms
  
  • Hemophilus
  • Actinobacillus
  • Cardiobacterium
  • Eikenella
  • Kingella

Question 9

What is nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis?

Answer 9

• Not caused by bacteria
• Sterile vegetations that arise with hypercoagulable state or underlying adenocarcinoma
• Vegetations arise on mitral valve along lines of closure and result in regurgitation

Question 10

What is Libman-Sacks Endocarditis associated with?

Answer 10

• Lupus (SLE)
• vegetations present on both sides of mitral valve
• results in regurgitation