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CRRAB Week 1 - WLB > Anterior Thoracic Wall - Ach > Flashcards

Anterior Thoracic Wall - Ach Flashcards

1
Q

How many total ribs are in an anatomically normal human being?

A

12 x 2 = 24

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2
Q

How many true ribs are in an anatomically correct human?

A

True Ribs: 1-7

7 x 2 = 14

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3
Q

How many false ribs are in an anatomically correct human?

A

False Ribs: 8-12

5 x 2 = 10

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4
Q

How many floating ribs are in an anatomically correct human?

A

Floating Ribs: 11-12

2 x 2 = 4

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5
Q

How many vertebrae are in the bony thorax?

A

T1-T12 = 12

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6
Q

Which vertebral facet articulates with the tubercle of a rib?

A

Transverse process

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7
Q

Which vertebral facets articulate with the head of a rib?

A

Vertebral Body:

Inferior Costal Facet of vertebra above

+

Superior Costal Facet of corresponding vertebra

(ex. Rib 7 attaches to ICF of 6 and SCF of 7)

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8
Q

What are the three layers of muscles that form the thoracic wall?

A
  1. External Intercostal Muscles
  2. Internal Intercostal Muscles
  3. Innermost Intercostal Muscles
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9
Q

What is the weakest part of the rib?

A

Anterior to its angle

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10
Q

Which direction do the External Intercostal Muscles run?

A

Fibers run downward and forward

(“hands in pocket”)

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11
Q

What direction do the External Intercostal Muscles move the thoracic wall?

A

Elevation

(forced inspiration)

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12
Q

What direction do the Internal Intercostal Muscles run?

A

Fibers run at right angles to the external intercostals

(“cross arms on shoulders”)

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13
Q

What direction do the Internal Intercostal Muscles move the thoracic wall?

A

Depress ribs

(forced expiration)

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14
Q

Where are the External Intercostal muscles replaced by a membrane?

A

Anteriorly

(along costal cartilage)

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15
Q

Where are the Internal Intercostal Muscles replaced by membrane?

A

Posteriorly

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16
Q

Where are the Innermost Intercostal Muscles located?

A

Part of internal layer.

Mainly along the lateral aspect of the throacic wall.

17
Q

What direction do the Innermost Intercostal Muscles run?

A

Same direction as Internal Intercostal Muscles.

(“cross arms on shoulders”)

18
Q

Where are the Innermost Intercostal Muscles replaced by membranes?

A

Anteriorly & Posteriorly

19
Q

What is the function of the Intercostal Muscle layers?

A
  • Keep intercostal spaces rigid
  • Elevate or depress the ribs
20
Q

Where is the Thoracic Inlet?

A

Boundary between neck and thorax.

AKA: Superior Thoracic Aperture

(manubrium + 1st ribs + body of T1 vertebra)

21
Q

Where is the Thoracic Outlet?

A

Boundary between thorax and abdomen.

AKA: InferiorThoracic Aperture

Origin of respiratory diaphragm.

(costal margins of 12th ribs + costal cartilages of ribs 7-11)

22
Q

What are the three directions the chest can expand in? What causes each?

A
  • Vertical diameter
    • contraction of diaphragm
  • Transverse diameter
    • ribs elevated and swing outward (“bucket handle”)
  • Anteroposterior diameter
    • sternum movement (“pump handle”)
23
Q

Where are the Neurovascular components of the intercostal spaces located?

A
  • Between the Inner and Innermost Intercostal Muscles
  • Lie in the Subcostal groove under the lower border of the upper rib
24
Q

What are the Posterior Intercostal Arteries branches of?

A

Aorta

25
Q

What are the Anterior Intercostal Arteries branches of?

A

Internal Thoracic Artery + Musculophrenic Artery

26
Q

What are the Internal Thoracic (internal mammary) Arteries branches of?

A

Subclavian Artery

27
Q

Where do Anterior Intercostal Veins drain?

A

into the Internal Thoracic Veins

28
Q

Where do the Posterior Intercostal Veins drain?

A

into the Azygos and Hemiazygos systems of veins

29
Q

What do the Ventral Rami of the first 11 thoracic nerves form?

A

Intercostal Nerves

(in the intercostal spaces)

30
Q

What does the Ventral Ramus of the 12th thoracic nerve lie? What is it called?

A

lies inferior to the 12th rib

SUBCOSTAL NERVE

31
Q

What fibers do White Rami convey?

A

preganglionic sympathetic fibers to the ganglion

(myelinated)

32
Q

What fibers do Gray rami convey ?

A

postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the ganglion into the intercostal nerve

(unmyelinated)

CRRAB Week 1 - WLB (11 decks)

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