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CARDIOVASCULAR > Endocarditis > Flashcards

Endocarditis Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of Staph Aureus Endocarditis

A

Prosthetic valves
No significant PMH
IV drug users

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2
Q

Cause of Strep Viridans Endocarditis

A

Poor dental hygiene

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3
Q

Cause of Streptococcus Bovis Endocarditis

A

Colorectal cancer

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4
Q

Causes of Staph Epidermidis Endocarditis

A

IV lines

Recent prosthetic valve surgery

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5
Q

Antibiotic treatment for endocarditis caused by staph aureus

A

Flucloxacillin (IV)

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6
Q

Antibiotic treatment for endocarditis caused by MRSA

A

Vancomycin and gentamicin (IV) and rifampicin (PO)

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7
Q

Antibiotic treatment for endocarditis caused by strep viridans

A

benzylpenicillin and gentamicin (IV)

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8
Q

Antibiotic treatment for endocarditis caused by enterococcus

A

Amoxicillin (IV) and gentamicin (IV)

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9
Q

Antibiotic treatment for endocarditis caused by staph epidermidis

A

Vancomycin and gentamicin (IV) and rifampicin (PO)

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10
Q

Antibiotic treatment for endocarditis caused by HACEK organisms

A

Amoxicillin (IV) and Gentamicin (IV)

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11
Q

What can amoxicillin/ flucloxacillin and benzylpenicillin be replaced by if the patient is allergic to penicillin?

A

Vancomycin

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12
Q

What are some of the risk factors for endocarditis?

A 
Prosthetic valves 
Intravenous drug Use 
Intravenous lines 
Poor dental hygiene following dental procedures
PMH of endocarditis 
Congenital heart defects 
Calcification/ stenosis of heart valves
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13
Q

What are some of the signs and symptoms of endocarditis?

A 
Septic like signs - Fever/ Rigors/ Night sweats e.t.c 
New murmur 
Anaemia 
Clubbing
Osler's nodes 
Janeway Lesions 
Roth Spots
Splinter haemorrhages 
Splenomegaly
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14
Q

What investigations can be done for endocarditis?

A

ECHO (trans thoracic and trans oesophageal )
FBC
Blood cultures

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15
Q

How would endocarditis be treated?

A

With antibiotics and possibly with surgery (e.g valve replacement)

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16
Q

Which organism is the most common cause of endocarditis?

A

Staphylococcus Aureus

17
Q

Name some culture negative causative organisms for endocarditis

A

Coxiella Burnetti, Legionella, Chlamydia, HACEK organisms

18
Q

Which valves are most commonly affected by endocarditis?

A 
Aortic and Mitral Valves 
Tricuspid Valve (In IVDU)
19
Q

Which organs are most likely to be affected by emboli from endocarditis vegetations on valves?

A

BRAIN
SPLEEN
KIDNEYS

20
Q

Which organism is the most common cause of endocarditis in the developed world and which is the most common in the developing world?

A

Developed world - Staph Aureus

Developing world - Strep Viridans

CARDIOVASCULAR (11 decks)

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