Endocarditis

Question 1

Definition:

Answer 1

Infection of the endocardial surface, heart valves, mural endocardium or a septal defect

Question 2

Epidemiology:

Answer 2

a

Question 3

Etiology:

Answer 3

a

Question 4

Pathophysiology:

Answer 4

a

Question 5

Clinical presentation:

Answer 5

Fever, heart murmurs, pethechiae,

Question 6

Fever by Staphylococcus aureus infeccion:

Answer 6

a

Question 7

Fever by

Answer 7

Low grade and intermittent

Question 8

Heart murmurs

Answer 8

a

Question 9

Subungual hemorrhages:

Answer 9

Splinter hemorrhages

Question 10

Tender subcutaneous nodules on the distal pads of the digits:

Answer 10

Osler nodes

Question 11

Nontender maculae on the palms and soles:

Answer 11

Janeway lesions

Question 12

Retinal hemorrhages with small clear centers:

Answer 12

Roth spots

Question 13

Lab tests:

Answer 13

a

Question 14

Radiological tests:

Answer 14

a

Question 15

Criteria combine the clinical, microbiologic, pathologic, and echocardiographic characteristics

Answer 15

Duke diagnostic criteria

Question 16

Definitive diagnosis with the Duke diagnostic criteria:

Answer 16

2M;
1M + 3m;
5m

Question 17

2 blood cultures (+):

Answer 17

Major blood culture criteria

Question 18

Echocardiogram with an oscillating intracardiac mass on a valve or on supporting structures, in the path of regurgitant jets, or on implanted material:

Answer 18

Major echocardiographic criteria

Question 19

Predisposing heart condition or intravenous drug use:

Answer 19

Minor criteria

Question 20

Vascular phenomenons:

Answer 20

a

Question 21

Major criteria:

Answer 21

Blood cultures and echocardiographic criteria

Question 22

Blood cultures persistently (+), from cultures drawn +12h apart:

Answer 22

Major blood culture criteria

Question 23

3+ separate blood cultures drawn at least 1h apart:

Answer 23

Major blood culture criteria

Question 24

Myocardial abscess:

Answer 24

Major echocardiographic criteria

Question 25

Partial dehiscence of a prosthetic valve:

Answer 25

Major echocardiographic criteria

Question 26

New-onset valvular regurgitation:

Answer 26

Major echocardiographic criteria

Question 27

Fever of 38°C or higher:

Answer 27

Minor criteria

Question 28

Vascular phenomenon:

Answer 28

Minor criteria

Question 29

Immunologic phenomenon:

Answer 29

Minor criteria

Question 30

Positive blood culture results not meeting major criteria or serologic evidence of active infection with an organism consistent with IE:

Answer 30

Minor criteria

Question 31

Echocardiogram results consistent with IE but not meeting major echocardiographic criteria:

Answer 31

Minor criteria

Question 32

Types of Vascular phenomenons:

Answer 32

a

Question 33

Types of Immunologic phenomenons:

Answer 33

a