endo part 2

Question 1

all types of insulin are in?

Answer 1

the fridge

Question 2

rapid acting insulin examples?

Answer 2

lispro, aspart (novolog)

Question 3

when should u take rapid acting insulin?

Answer 3

before meals

Question 4

how do u administer regular insulin?

Answer 4

IV or SQ

Question 5

duration of rapid insulin?

Answer 5

10-30 mins, peak: 30- mins to 3hrs, (duration: 3-5hr)

Question 6

regular insulin is?

Answer 6

short acting (3-4 hrs)

Question 7

examples of regular insulin?

Answer 7

humlin R and novolin R

Question 8

what is the duration for short acting insulin?

Answer 8

onset: 30-1hr–>peak: 2-5 hrs–> (duration: 5-8 hrs)

Question 9

what are some examples of intermediate-acting insulin

Answer 9

NPH (appearance is cloudy)

Question 10

what is the duration for intermediate insulins?

Answer 10

onset: 1.5-4hrs–> peak: 4-12 hrs–> (duration: 12-18 hrs)

Question 11

which insulin is sliding scale only?

Answer 11

short acting (regular)

Question 12

long acting insulin is for?

Answer 12

24 hr use

Question 13

what can you NOT do with long acting insulin?

Answer 13

can’t mix other insulins together (must be two different shots

Question 14

what is the medication for inhaled insulin?

Answer 14

afrezza

Question 15

what is the starter medication for diabetes?

Answer 15

metformin (for insulin)

Question 16

only insulin that is IV?

Answer 16

regular

Question 17

what is duration of NPH?

Answer 17

8 hrs

Question 18

when should stop the metformin?

Answer 18

when they want to do test on kidneys; requires dye injection (48 hours before and after test)

Question 19

what happens when you dont stop the metformin for test?

Answer 19

build up of lactic acid

Question 20

example of insulin that lasts A LONG time?

Answer 20

lantus (glargine)

Question 21

how does lantis work?

Answer 21

inject crystal and melts within 24 hrs

Question 22

what medication lands on beta cells and tells them “make more insulin”

Answer 22

Glipizide (sulfonylureas/Secretagogue )

Question 23

Secretagogue is?

Answer 23

substance that stimulates the secretion of another substance.

Question 24

what is Canagliflozin ?

Answer 24

oral diabetes medication -is GLT2 inhibitors
(Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 inhibitors)

Question 25

what are GLT2 inhibitors (Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 inhibitors)?

Answer 25

switches na+ in urine to glucose in urine (lower blood sugar levels) -longer duration of action (24hr)

Question 26

what is a risk of GLT2 inhibitors

Answer 26

UTI

Question 27

prandin is?

Answer 27

for diabetes (short duration of action but works FAST) -nonsulfonylurea Secretagogue

Question 28

if a pateint has hypoglycemia, what medication should u give?

Answer 28

glucagon

Question 29

what does glucagon do?

Answer 29

increases blood sugar and breakdown glycogen

Question 30

what is stored in the liver?

Answer 30

glycogen

Question 31

glycogen turns into?

Answer 31

glucose

Question 32

you are preggy with diabetes, what medication do u give?

Answer 32

insulin (can't give PO meds)

Question 33

prandial (pre-before, post-after)

Answer 33

during meal

Question 34

glipizide is?

Answer 34

makes more insulin PO -sulfonylureas

Question 35

sulfonylureas do what?

Answer 35

stimulate beta cells of liver to= MAKE MORE INSULIN

Question 36

prednisone is?

Answer 36

glucocorticoids, increase blood sugar levels. -caused GI issues (take with food/dariy)

Question 37

glucocorticoids released by

Answer 37

adrenal cortex

Question 38

when you stop prednisone how should u stop it?

Answer 38

TAPER down, ween it off, bit by bit, and lead to reserve action (asthma or inflammation)--> leads to HIGH BP

Question 39

what are the signs and symptoms that pt is taking too much Synthroid (thyroid hormone) med?

Answer 39

bugging eyes, thyroid swollen, dry skin

Question 40

what is synthroid made out of?

Answer 40

t4 (RAISE metabolism)

Question 41

what surrounds synthroid?

Answer 41

iodine

Question 42

what is stronger? t3 or t4?

Answer 42

t3

Question 43

if body needs higher metabolism, what happens?

Answer 43

t4 becomes t3 (in tissues)

Question 44

If TSH is high

Answer 44

means too little thyroid (increase dosage)

Question 45

if TSH is down

Answer 45

means too high or normal (lower thyroid med)

Question 46

TSH comes from

Answer 46

anterior pituary gland

Question 47

hyperthyroid

Answer 47

thyroid doesn't work= TSH level low (high T3/T4 thyroid level)

Question 48

hypothyroid

Answer 48

TSH high= (thyroid T3 and T4 level low)

Question 49

glucocorticoids makes immune system go?

Answer 49

down (more are made in time of stress)

Question 50

glucocorticoids increase?

Answer 50

glucose levels (controls carbs, protein, fat) metabolism

Question 51

what is the word that blood glucose levels are normal?

Answer 51

euglycemia

Question 52

what is the big carb molecule (polysaccharide) in liver?

Answer 52

glycogen

Question 53

gland where the t cells go?

Answer 53

Thymus

Question 54

name of hormone that thyroid releases that makes blood calcium go down?

Answer 54

calcitonin

Question 55

very thirsty when u have diabetes

Answer 55

polydipsia

Question 56

glycogenolysis

Answer 56

break down glycogen (in liver) to make glucose

Question 57

glucagon lands on liver to do?

Answer 57

tell it to break down glycogen

Question 58

Glycogenesis

Answer 58

glucose to glycogen.

Question 59

what medication treats graves disease?

Answer 59

PTU (propylthiouracil)