endo Flashcards
BP DMt2, end organ damage
130/80
BP DMt2, no end organ damage
140/90
when to start metformin, when to add another drug
48, 58
pagets disease
5% pop, 1/20 are symptomatic, bone pain, bowing tibia,bossing skull, raised ALP, ca and phosphate normal, skull X-ray - thickened vault,
treatment - bisphosphonate
omplication - deafnes, sarcoma, skull thickening high output cardiac failure
sick euthyroid
common in hosp patients, low TSH, low free t4, t3 particularly low
CI to pioglitazone
heart failure- causes fluid retention
CI drug in heart failure
nsaids, steroids, pioglitazone - fluid retention
Which DM med increases insulin sensitivity
pioglitazone
What is hashimoto’s? What does thyroid look like?
hypothyroidism, lumpy thyroid glnd, anto TPO antibodies
What is acanthosis nigricans assc. with?
DM type 2
type 1 presentation
weight loss, polydipsia, polyuria, tiredness
DM2 diagnosis
HBA1C or plasma glucos
symptomatic patient - fasting glucose>7, random >11.1
when ba1c cannot be used - haemoglobunipathies, haemolytic anaemia, untreated iron deficiiency anaemia children, HIV, CKD
impaired fasting glucose
fasting >6.1, less than 7 = impaired fasting glucose
impaired glucose tolerance - fasting <7, PGTT 2hr >7.8
How does LADA present?
33 yr old male, weight loss, lethargy, polydipsia, +random glue >11.
assc. with AI shit
Grave’s
Most common thyrotoxicosis, typically seen in women aged 30-50 yrs
