End of the 19th Century- Motion Pictures & Color (1888-1900) Flashcards
Zoetrope
seen in conjuring or babadook, 1834 creation of moving images using multiple drawings to stimulate natural movement
Eadweard Muybridge
focused on landscaping photography
photographed a horse and you were able to see that it galloped with all four legs at once, created the zoopraxiscope in 1879, A photographer and inventor known for his movement studies and moving image projection
“The Horse in Motion” 1878
photograph of horse in action, electromagnetic shutter with a speed of one-thousandth of a second, he shutters were tripped by wires as a horse ran across the track. Put together in a series, the images taken by these cameras showed how a horse moved
Zoopraxiscope
created by Eadweard Muybridge in 1879, later tried to make the images on his Zoopraxiscope discs more realistic by introducing colours to them
Thomas Eakins
worked with Muybridge, focused on anatomical accuracy
“The Swimming Hole” 1884, creator
created by Thomas Eakins
Etienne-Jules Marey
scientist, physiologist and chronophotographer that used a chronophotographic gun
Chronophotography
technique that captures a moving subject in multiple images at regular intervals and combines them into a single image
Chronophotographic Gun
created in 1882, allowed 12 consecutive frames on a circular plate, you could point it at the subject and it would take the photo
Louis Le Prince
developed the first movie sequence using a single lens camera and strip film in 1888, was about people working, disappeared before showing off his creation (many theories as to why)
“Roundhay Garden” Scene (1888) creator
created by Louis le Prince, the first motion picture/film that lasted two seconds
Thomas Edison
worked with George Eastman to create celluloid film with sprocket holes, created a kinetograph (camera) and kinetoscope (viewer) in 1891, Edison films were 30-45 seconds, staged with actors in order to entertain, people would pay in order to watch the films
Kinetograph
created by Thomas Edison, camera used for films
Kinetoscope (1891)
created by Thomas Edison, viewer used for films
Lumiere Brothers
their camera was smaller than the kinetograph, 16 frames per second
allowed many people to look at their motion pictures instead of one at a time
seen in cinemas
Cinematograph (1895)
created by the Lumiere Brothers, a camera and projector apparatus which became the basis for contemporary cinematic projection.
Sir James Clerk Maxwell
formulated theory of electromagnetism that laid early color photography groundwork, him reading that the trichromatic color theory made him want to prove it wrong by using math, once he spinned the wheel of red, green, and blue, it made white and proved that there’s a difference of mixing colors in light and pigments, challenged by Thomas Young
Additive color theory
created by Maxwell, colors are created by mixing all the colors, used RGB light to create colors like in tv’s, computers, etc,
“Tartan Ribbon” (1861)
produced by Sir James Clerk Maxwell, first colored image
Frederick Ives
developed the Kromogram (1897)
Kromogram
took the three colors and exposed to cyan, magenta or yellow filter which created a colored image
Kromskop
created 1897 by Ives, instrument that combined single full color image
Subtractive Color Process
created by Frederick Ives, uses CMY dues to absorb certain wavelengths and reflect others which was more practical
