End Of Block Test

Question 1

The main digestive function occurring in the stomach is:

Answer 1

Protein digestion

Question 2

Regarding the colon:

Answer 2

It uses short chain fatty acids, generated from bacterial fermentation of dietary fibre as a major energy source

Question 3

What occurs in defaecation:

Answer 3

Distension of the rectum increases anal sphincter tone

Question 4

The myenteric plexus of the enteric nervous system is located between which layers of the gut wall?

Answer 4

The longitudinal muscle and circular muscle

Question 5

Which region of the stomach is responsible for the secretion of gastrin?

Answer 5

Antrum

Question 6

Which secretion has the highest pH? Gastric juice, pancreatic juice, bile in gallbladder, secretions of the intestinal glands or normal blood?

Answer 6

Pancreatic juice

Question 7

What is true about fluid and electrolyte shifts in the normal GI tract?

Answer 7

Daily faecal water output is less than 200ml

Question 8

Mucosal prostaglandins stimulate the release of what?

Answer 8

Bicarbonate

Question 9

What pathway triggers the emetic reflex?

Answer 9

Vagal afferents to the nucleus tractus solitarius

Question 10

The common bile duct passes through where?

Answer 10

The head of the pancreas

Question 11

Acetylcholine acts of the salivary gland duct cells to increase what?

Answer 11

Bicarbonate secretion

Question 12

Which cranial nerve innervates the submandibular salivary glands?

Answer 12

Facial

Question 13

What artery does the splenic artery give rise to?

Answer 13

Short gastric arteries

Question 14

What is pain from the gut mediated by?

Answer 14

Spinal afferent neurons

Question 15

Cholecystokinin stimulates what?

Answer 15

Gallbladder contraction

Question 16

Lipids taken up in the diet are transported to the liver associated with which of the following plasma components?

Answer 16

Chylomicrons

Question 17

What inhibits gastric acid secretion?

Answer 17

High levels of gastric acid in the lumen of the stomach

Question 18

What is gastrin secretion increased by?

Answer 18

Peptides and amino acids in the lumen of the stomach

Question 19

Secretion of intrinsic factor occurs from?

Answer 19

Parietal cells of stomach

Question 20

The speed of delivery of nutrients from stomach to small intestine is?

Answer 20

Carbohydrate > protein > fat

Question 21

Secretion of enzymes from the exocrine pancreas is stimulated by:

Answer 21

Cholecystokinin

Question 22

Chymotrypsinogen is secreted by which cells of the pancreas?

Answer 22

Acinar cells

Question 23

In support of digestion, the primary purpose of the liver is to?

Answer 23

Produce bile to emulsify fats in the small intestine

Question 24

In which structure of the liver is alkaline phosphotase (ALP) primarily found?

Answer 24

Bile duct epithelial cells

Question 25

The principal area of bile salt uptake in the gastrointestinal tract is?

Answer 25

The ileum

Question 26

The absorption of glucose in the small intestine involves:

Answer 26

Co-transport with sodium (Na+) ions

Question 27

The vitamin associated with calcium absorption is:

Answer 27

Vitamin D

Question 28

The major site for iron absorption in the GI tract is?

Answer 28

The duodenum

Question 29

Which vitamin can be synthesised by bacteria inside the gut?

Answer 29

Vitamin K