End Of Block Test Flashcards
The main digestive function occurring in the stomach is:
Protein digestion
Regarding the colon:
It uses short chain fatty acids, generated from bacterial fermentation of dietary fibre as a major energy source
What occurs in defaecation:
Distension of the rectum increases anal sphincter tone
The myenteric plexus of the enteric nervous system is located between which layers of the gut wall?
The longitudinal muscle and circular muscle
Which region of the stomach is responsible for the secretion of gastrin?
Antrum
Which secretion has the highest pH? Gastric juice, pancreatic juice, bile in gallbladder, secretions of the intestinal glands or normal blood?
Pancreatic juice
What is true about fluid and electrolyte shifts in the normal GI tract?
Daily faecal water output is less than 200ml
Mucosal prostaglandins stimulate the release of what?
Bicarbonate
What pathway triggers the emetic reflex?
Vagal afferents to the nucleus tractus solitarius
The common bile duct passes through where?
The head of the pancreas
Acetylcholine acts of the salivary gland duct cells to increase what?
Bicarbonate secretion
Which cranial nerve innervates the submandibular salivary glands?
Facial
What artery does the splenic artery give rise to?
Short gastric arteries
What is pain from the gut mediated by?
Spinal afferent neurons
Cholecystokinin stimulates what?
Gallbladder contraction
Lipids taken up in the diet are transported to the liver associated with which of the following plasma components?
Chylomicrons
What inhibits gastric acid secretion?
High levels of gastric acid in the lumen of the stomach
What is gastrin secretion increased by?
Peptides and amino acids in the lumen of the stomach
Secretion of intrinsic factor occurs from?
Parietal cells of stomach
The speed of delivery of nutrients from stomach to small intestine is?
Carbohydrate > protein > fat
Secretion of enzymes from the exocrine pancreas is stimulated by:
Cholecystokinin
Chymotrypsinogen is secreted by which cells of the pancreas?
Acinar cells
In support of digestion, the primary purpose of the liver is to?
Produce bile to emulsify fats in the small intestine
In which structure of the liver is alkaline phosphotase (ALP) primarily found?
Bile duct epithelial cells
The principal area of bile salt uptake in the gastrointestinal tract is?
The ileum
The absorption of glucose in the small intestine involves:
Co-transport with sodium (Na+) ions
The vitamin associated with calcium absorption is:
Vitamin D
The major site for iron absorption in the GI tract is?
The duodenum
Which vitamin can be synthesised by bacteria inside the gut?
Vitamin K
