encephalitis and encephalomyelitis. classification . poliomyelitis and poliomyelitis like diseases . rabies . tick born encephalitis Flashcards
what is encephalitis ?
it is the inflammation os the brain
what is encephalomyelitis ?
inflammation of the brain and the spinal cord
what are the classification of the encephalitis ?
chronic bacterial meningioencephalitis -
tuberculosis , neurosyphilus
viral meningoenecepahlitis
arthrapod - bone viral encephalitis
HSV type 1 and 2 - mouth and genital mucosa
varicella zoster virus - airways
poliovirus- oral and intestinal - neutrotropic virus
rabies - neutropic virus - predominantly affects the brain
what are the clinical manifestations of encephalitis ?
fever
headache
atlered conciousness or confusion
new onset of seizures
what re the different inflammtion of encephalitis ?
polioencephalitis - affects the grey matter
leucoencepahlitis - affects the myelinated fibres
panencephalitis
poliomyelitis occurs mostly in whom?
immunocompromised individuals
what is the pathophysiology of poliomyelitis ?
destruction of motor neurones - paresis and paralysis follows
the destruction is in the anterior horn of the spinal cord
what are the clinical characteristics of poliomyelitis ?
paralysis of the lower motor neurones - placidity and absent tendon reflexes
assymetrical
affects the legs more than the arms
what is the treatment for poliomyelitis ?
bed rest
immunoglobulins
vitamins
how can poliomyelitis be prevented ?
prevented by immunisation
and liver oral vaccines
what is the pathophysiology of rabies ?
transmitted by the saliva of infected mammals by animals
virsu enters the peripheral nerves and spreads retrogradely along the axons and reach the central nervous system
what are the clinical symtpoms of rabies ?
paraesthesia at the inoculation site - long after wound healing
excitabilty and spasm of the pharyngeal and laryngeal nerve induced by the sigh of water - hydrophobia
facial spasm
paralytic - bulbar palsy
advanced - cns excitability even the slightest touch is painful , muscle contraction so painful swallowing not possible
illness rapidly progressive - even with intensive care goes to paralysis and coma and death
what is the prevention of rabies ?
wound care and
administration of rabies immunoglobulin
vaccine
what is a mother name for tick born encephalitis ?
lyme disease
what are the stages of tick born encephalitis or lyme disease ?
stage 1
headache
stage 2
aseptic meningitis - mild headache and neck stiffness
facial palsy - cranial nerve 7
sensory and motor radiculopathy and mononeuritis
stage 3 - persistent memory loss mood changes parethesis radicular pain
