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EMT MEDS > EMT VOCAB > Flashcards

EMT VOCAB Flashcards

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1
Q

WITH GOD ALL THINGS ARE POSSIBLE!!!

A
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2
Q

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA):

A

A rapidly fatal condition in which the walls of the aorta in the abdomen weaken and blood leaks into the layers of the vessel causing it to bulge.

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3
Q

Abduction:

A

motion of limb away from the midline

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4
Q

Abruptio placentae:

A

Premature seperation of the placenta from the wall of the uterus.

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5
Q

Accessory muslces:

A

The secondary muscles of respiration. They include the neck muscles (sternocleidomastoids) the chest pectoralis major muscles and the abdominal muscles

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6
Q

Acetabulum:

A

The depression on the lateral pelvis where its three component bones join, in which the femoral head fits snugly.

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7
Q

Acidosis

A

The buildup of excess acid in the blood or body tissues that can result from a primary illness.

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8
Q

Acute abdomen

A

A condition of sudden onset of pain within the abdomen, usually indicating peritonitis; immediate medical or surgical treatment is necessary.

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9
Q

acute coronary syndrome (ACS):

A

A group of symptoms caused by myocardial ischemia includes angina and myocardial infarction

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10
Q

acute myocardial infarction (AMI):

A

a heart attack: death of the heart muscle following obstuction of blood flow to it. “acute” in this context means new or happening right now.

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11
Q

adduction

A

motion of a limb toward the midline

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12
Q

adventitious breath sounds

A

Abnormal breath sounds such as wheezing, stridor, rhonci, and crackles

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13
Q

aerobic metabolism

A

metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen

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14
Q

afterload

A

the force of resistance against which the heart pumps

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15
Q

agonal gasps

A

abnormal breathing pattern characterized by slow gasping breaths sometimes seen in patients in cardiac arrest

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16
Q

agonist

A

a medication that causes stimulation of receptors

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17
Q

air embolism

A

the prescence of air in the veins which can lead to cardiac arrest if enters the heart

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18
Q

algor mortis

A

cooling of the body after death until it matches the ambient temperature (surroundings)

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19
Q

Anemic

A

Condition in which your body produces too few red blood cells which causes a decreased ability to transport oxygen throughout the body via bloodstream.

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20
Q

Aneurysm

A

Swelling or enlargement of the wall of a blood vessel that results from weakening of the vessel wall

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21
Q

Angina Pectoris

A

Transient (short-lived) chest discomforted caused by partial or temporary blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle; also called angina

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22
Q

Angioedema

A

Localized areas of swelling beneath the skin, often around the eyes and lips but can involve other body areas as well.

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23
Q

Anisocoria

A

Naturally occuring uneven pupil size.

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24
Q

Antagonist

A

A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications

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25
Q

Anterograde amnesia

A

Inability to remember events after an injury

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26
Q

Antipyretics

A

Medications that treat or reduce fever

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27
Q

Aorta

A

The main artery leaving the left side of the heart carrying oxygen rich blood to the body.

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28
Q

Aortic aneurysm

A

A weakness in the wall of the aorta that makes it susceptible to rupture

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29
Q

APGAR score

A

The scoring system for assessing the status of a newborn which gives a number value to each of the five areas (appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration)

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30
Q

Aphasia

A

The inability to speak and/or understand speech

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31
Q

Apnea

A

Absence of spontaneous breathing

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32
Q

apparent life-threatening event (ALTE)

A

an event that causes unresponsiveness, cyanosis, and apnea in an infant, then begins breathing after stimulation

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33
Q

Appendicitis

A

The innflamation of the appendix

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34
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Arms, legs, pelvis and shoulder girlde.

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35
Q

Arterial air embolism

A

Air bubbles in the arterial blood vessels

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36
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

The hardening of arteries causing calcification

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37
Q

Artery

A

A blood vessel containing three layers of smooth muscle and carries blood away from the heart

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38
Q

Ascites

A

An abnormal accumulation of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity

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39
Q

Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid or ASA)

A

Antipyretic, analgesic (reduce pain), anti-inflammatory, and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping)

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40
Q

Asthma

A

An acute spasm of the smaller air passages called bronchioles associated with excessive mucus production and with swelling of the mucous lining of the respiratory passages, can cause wheezing (expiratory noise)

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41
Q

Asystole

A

Complete abscence of all heart electrical activity

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42
Q

Ataxic respirations

A

Irregular ineffective respirations that may or may not have an identifiable pattern

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43
Q

Atelectasis

A

collapse of the alveolar air spaces of the lungs

44
Q

Athersclerosis

A

A disorder in which cholesterol and calcium build up inside the walls of the blood vessels forming plaque which leads to a partial or complete blockage of blood flow

45
Q

Aura

A

A sensation experienced before a seizure serves as a warning sign that one is coming

46
Q

Auscultate

A

to listen to sounds within an organ with a stethoscope

47
Q

Ventricular fibrilation

A

Disorganized ineffective quivering of the ventricles resulting in no blood flow and a state of cardiac arrest

48
Q

Ventricular tachycardia

A

A rapid heart rhythm

49
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary activities of the body such as heart rate blood pressure and digestion of food

50
Q

Axial loading injuries

A

Injuries in which load is applied along the vertical or longitudinal axis of the spine which results in load being transmitted along the entire length of the vertebral column; falling from a height and landing on the feet in an upright position.

51
Q

Axial skeleton

A

the skull, vertebral collumn, and rib cage

52
Q

Bariatrics

A

branch of medicine concerned with management of obesity and allied diseases

53
Q

Barotrauma

A

injury caused by pressure to enclosed body surfaces; too much pressure in legs

54
Q

Base station

A

any radio hardware containing a transmitter and reciever in a fixed place

55
Q

Basilar skull fractures

A

Fractures that usually occur following diffuse impact to the head(motor vehicle crashes) generally result from extension of a linear fracture to the base of the skull

56
Q

Battle sign

A

Bruising behind an ear over the mastoid process that may indicate a skull fracture

57
Q

Bends

A

common name for decompression sickness

58
Q

Decompression sickness

A

A painful condition seen in divers who ascend too quickly in which gas especially nitrogen forms bubbles in blood vessels and other tissues

59
Q

Blood pressure

A

The pressure that the blood exerts against the walls of the arteries as it passes through them

60
Q

Blowout fracture

A

A fracture of the orbit or of the bones that support the floor of the orbit

61
Q

B-NICE

A

a memory device to recall the types of weapons of mass destruction; biologic nuclear incendiary chemical and explosive

62
Q

Botulinum

A

Produced by bacteria and is the most powerful neurotoxin known. causes botulism when introduced into the body.

63
Q

Bradycardia

A

slow heart rate less than 60 beats/min

64
Q

Bradypnea

A

Slow respiratory rate an ominous sign in a child that indicates impending respiratory arrest

65
Q

Brainstem

A

Area of the brain between the spinal cord and cerebrum surrounded by the cerebellum and controls the functions necessary for life such as respiration

66
Q

Breath-holding-syncope

A

Loss of consciousness caused by decreased breathing stimulus

67
Q

Breech presentation

A

occurs in a pregnancy when the butt comes out first

68
Q

Bronchiolitis

A

Inflammation of the bronchioles that usually occurs in children younger than 2 years and is often caused by the respiratory syncytial virsu

69
Q

Bronchitis

A

an acute or chronic inflammation of the lung that may damage lung tissue usually associated with cough and production of sputum and depending on its cause sometimes a fever

70
Q

Buboes

A

Enlarged lymph nodes up to the size of a tennis ball that are characteristic in those who are infected with the bubonic plague

71
Q

Calcaneus

A

The heel bone

72
Q

Capillary refill

A

A test that evaluates distal circulation system function by squeezing (blanching:turning white) blood from an area such as a nail bed and watching the speed of its return after releasing pressure

73
Q

Carbon dioxide retention

A

a condition characterized by a chronically high blood level of carbon dioxide in which the respiratory center no longer responds to high blood levels of carbon dioxide

74
Q

Cardiac arrest

A

When the heart fails to generate effective and detectable blood flow; pulses ae not palpable in cardiac arrest even if the muscular and electrical activity continues in the heart

75
Q

Cardiac tamponade (pericardial tamponade)

A

compression of the heart as a result of buildup of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac leading to decreased cardiac output

76
Q

Cardiogenic shock

A

A state in which not enough oxygen is delivered to the tissues of the body caused by low output of blood from the heart. It can be a severe complication of a large acute myocardial infarction

77
Q

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR):

A

the combination of chest compressions and rescue breathing used to estabilish adequate ventilation and circulation in a patient who is not breathing and has no pulse

78
Q

Carina

A

point at which the trachea bifurcates (divides) into the left and right main stem bronchi

79
Q

Carpals

A

small bones that comprise the wrist

80
Q

Cavitation

A

speed causing a bullet to generate pressure waves which cause damage distant from the bullets path

81
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain and spinal chord

82
Q

Central neurogenic hyperventilation

A

An abnormal breathing pattern associated with increased intracranial pressure that is characterized by deep rapid breathing similar to kussmaul respirations but without an acetone breath odor

83
Q

Cerebellum

A

Sometimes called the little brain and coordinates the various activities of the brain particularly fine body movements

84
Q

Cerebral edema

A

Swelling of the brain

85
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

A

Fluid produced in the ventricles of the brain that flows in the subarachnoid space and bathes the meninges

86
Q

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

A

An interruption of blood flow to the brain that results in the loss of brain function also called a STROKE

87
Q

Cerebrum

A

Largest part of the brain sometimes called gray matter, made up of several lobes that control movement hearing balance speech visual perception emotions and personality.

88
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respirations

A

A cyclical pattern of abnormal breathing that increases and then decreases in rate and depth followed by period of apnea

89
Q

Cholecystitis

A

The inflammation of the gallbladder

90
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

A lung disease characterized by chronic obstruction of airflow that interferes with normal breathing and is not fully reversible

90
Q

Chordae tendineae

A

Thin bands of fibrous tissue that attach the valves in the heart and prevent them from inverting

91
Q

Chyme

A

Substance that leaves the stomach. It is a combination of all eaten food and stomach acids

92
Q

Closed abdominal injury

A

An injury in which there is soft-tissue damage inside the body but the skin remains intact

93
Q

Closed fracture

A

any break in a bone in which the overlying skin is not broken

94
Q

Closed head injury

A

Injury in which the brain has been injured but the skin has not been broken

95
Q

Colostomy

A

A surgical procedure to create an opening (stoma) between the colon and the surface of the body

96
Q

Commotio cordis

A

A blunt chest injury caused by a sudden direct blow to the chest that occurs only during the critical portion of a persons heartbeat

97
Q

Compartment syndrome

A

swelling in a confined space that produces dangerous pressure; may cut off blood flow or damage sensitive tissue

98
Q

Compassion fatigue

A

A stress disorder characterized by gradual lessening of compassion over time

99
Q

Compensated shock

A

The early stage of shock in which the body can still compensate for blood loss

100
Q

Compliance

A

The ability of the alveoli to expand when air is drawn in during inhalation

101
Q

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

A

A disorder in which the heart loses part of its ability to effectively pump blood usually as a result of damage to the heart muscle and usually resulting in a backup of fluid into the lungs

102
Q

Conjuctiva

A

The delicate membrane that lines the eyelides and covers the exposed surface of the eye

103
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the conjunctiva

104
Q
A

EMT MEDS (4 decks)

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