EMT Lab Quiz 1

Question 1

Snoring

Answer 1

respiratory term that occurs when the upper airway is partially obstructed by tongue
treatment: head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver and repositioning

Question 2

Crowing

Answer 2

respiratory term that occurs when muscles around the larynx spasm and narrow trachea opening

Question 3

Gurgling

Answer 3

respiratory term that occurs when their is presence of blood, vomitus, secretions, or other liquids in upper airway
treatment: immediate suction/repositioning and scoop

Question 4

Stridor

Answer 4

respiratory term that refers to a harsh, high-pitched inhalation caused by either obstruction (food) or upper airway obstruction from swelling in larynx

Question 5

Wheezing

Answer 5

respiratory term that refers to high-pitched exhalation and inhalation that occurs due to swelling and inflammation of bronchioles (aka lower airway resistance)
Common symptom of asthma, allergic reaction, or emphysema)

Question 6

Rhonchi

Answer 6

respiratory term that refers to course crackles during auscultation which indicates obstruction of the larger airways. The sound usually changes when patient repositions

Question 7

Auscultation

Answer 7

listening to lungs using a stethoscope

Question 8

Rales

Answer 8

also known as crackles which is a respiratory term that refers to bubbly/crackling sound heard during inhalation

Question 9

Dyspnea

Answer 9

shortness of breath

Question 10

Hypoxia

Answer 10

lack of circulating oxygen

Question 11

Apoxia

Answer 11

no circulating oxygen

Question 12

Aspiration

Answer 12

the act of breathing in a foreign substance (getting solid food or liquid in respiratory tract) which ultimately leads to choking/coughing

Question 13

Atelectasis

Answer 13

respiratory term that refers to when alveoli collapse

Question 14

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Answer 14

respiratory term that refers to an interference with gas exchange possibly due to atelectasis (collapse of alveoli) and fluid build up in alveoli

Question 15

Alveoli

Answer 15

tiny sacs of gas where gas exchange occurs

Question 16

Bradycardia

Answer 16

term for slow heart rate

Question 17

Tachycardia

Answer 17

term for fast heart rate

Question 18

Four factors to assess respiration

Answer 18

Rhythm
Rate
Depth
Quality

Question 19

Rhythm

Answer 19

a measurement of respiration that describes intervals between breaths

Recorded: regular or irregular

Question 20

Rate

Answer 20

a measurement of respiration that measures the number of breaths (inhale + exhale = 1 breath) a patient takes in 1 minute.

Recorded by counting breaths for 30 sec x 2
Normal adult: 12-20 breaths/min

Question 21

Depth

Answer 21

a measurement of respiration that describes the volume of air exchanged with each breath

Recorded: shallow or deep

Question 22

Quality

Answer 22

a measurement of respiration that describes the characteristic of each respiration

Recorded: normal, labored, wheezing, rhonchi, rales, stridor, etc…

Question 23

Locations for auscultation

Answer 23

• On the midclavicular line, 2 in below clavicle
• On the midaxillary line, between the 4th and 5th intercostal space (close to nipple line below armpit)

Remember to listen to both sides, then move on to different location.

Question 24

Taking Lung Vital Sign

Answer 24

normal record: normal and bilaterally equal

abnormal: faded/diminished/absent on ___ side, wheezing, rales, crackles, etc.

Question 25

Three factors to asses pulse

Answer 25

Rate Rhythm Strength

Question 26

Pulse

Answer 26

the rhythmic beats felt as the heart pumps blood through the arteries

Question 27

Rate

Answer 27

measurement of the pulse that is recorded as the number of beats per minute (BPM)

Question 28

Rhythm

Answer 28

measurement of the pulse that describes the intervals between beats Recorded: regular or irregular

Question 29

Strength

Answer 29

measurement of the pulse that described the pressure of the pulse Recorded: bounding, normal or thready

Question 30

Thready pulse

Answer 30

describes a weak, rapid pulse usually a sign of shock

Question 31

Bounding pulse

Answer 31

describes an abnormally strong pulse

Question 32

Blood pressure

Answer 32

a vital sign that is measures the pressure created in the arteries written as systolic/diastolic

Question 33

Systolic Pressure

Answer 33

the greatest pressure against the walls of the arteries during contraction of the heart measured in mmHg

Question 34

Diastolic Pressure

Answer 34

the pressure inside the arterial walls as the heart relaxes or refills measured in mmHg

Question 35

Sphymomanometer

Answer 35

also known as a blood pressure cuff

Question 36

Carotid artery

Answer 36

artery in neck where you can measure pulse

Question 37

Brachial artery

Answer 37

artery in elbow where you can measure pulse

Question 38

Radial artery

Answer 38

artery in wrist where you can measure pulse

Question 39

Femoral artery

Answer 39

artery near groin where you can measure pulse

Question 40

Popliteal artery

Answer 40

artery behind knee where you can measure pulse

Question 41

Posterior tibial artery

Answer 41

artery found in inner heel on foot where you can measure pulse

Question 42

Dorsalis pedis artery

Answer 42

artery found on foot (little lower than space between big toe and index toe) where you can measure pulse

Question 43

Skin

Answer 43

a very vascular part of the body that can give valuable signs to blood loss and other condition

Question 44

Three factors to assess skin

Answer 44

Color Temperature Moisture

Question 45

Color of skin

Answer 45

a measurement of the skin to describe color Recorded: normal and pink, pink, ashen (gray), cyanotic (blue-gray), jaundice (yellow), flushed (red/blush), mottled (purple: blood pooling)

Question 46

Cyanotic

Answer 46

skin that appears blue-gray usually a sign of hypoxia or anoxia

Question 47

Temperature

Answer 47

a measurement of the skin to describe warmth/coolness Recorded: normal and warm, hot, cool, cold

Question 48

Moisture

Answer 48

a measurement of the skin to describe the moisture of the skin Recorded: dry, moist, clammy

Question 49

Pupils

Answer 49

the black center of the eye and is directly correlated with neurological function which can provide information about certain medical problems

Question 50

Taking Pupil Vital Sign

Answer 50

normal record= Pupils Equal and Reactive to Light (PERL) abnormal= constricted (pinpoint), dilated (large), unequal, unreactive to light

Question 51

Vital Signs to assess

Answer 51

``` Respirations Lung Pulse Blood Pressure Skin Pupils ```