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EMT > EMT Lab Quiz 1 > Flashcards

EMT Lab Quiz 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Snoring

A

respiratory term that occurs when the upper airway is partially obstructed by tongue
treatment: head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver and repositioning

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2
Q

Crowing

A

respiratory term that occurs when muscles around the larynx spasm and narrow trachea opening

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3
Q

Gurgling

A

respiratory term that occurs when their is presence of blood, vomitus, secretions, or other liquids in upper airway
treatment: immediate suction/repositioning and scoop

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4
Q

Stridor

A

respiratory term that refers to a harsh, high-pitched inhalation caused by either obstruction (food) or upper airway obstruction from swelling in larynx

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5
Q

Wheezing

A

respiratory term that refers to high-pitched exhalation and inhalation that occurs due to swelling and inflammation of bronchioles (aka lower airway resistance)
Common symptom of asthma, allergic reaction, or emphysema)

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6
Q

Rhonchi

A

respiratory term that refers to course crackles during auscultation which indicates obstruction of the larger airways. The sound usually changes when patient repositions

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7
Q

Auscultation

A

listening to lungs using a stethoscope

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8
Q

Rales

A

also known as crackles which is a respiratory term that refers to bubbly/crackling sound heard during inhalation

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9
Q

Dyspnea

A

shortness of breath

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10
Q

Hypoxia

A

lack of circulating oxygen

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11
Q

Apoxia

A

no circulating oxygen

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12
Q

Aspiration

A

the act of breathing in a foreign substance (getting solid food or liquid in respiratory tract) which ultimately leads to choking/coughing

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13
Q

Atelectasis

A

respiratory term that refers to when alveoli collapse

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14
Q

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

A

respiratory term that refers to an interference with gas exchange possibly due to atelectasis (collapse of alveoli) and fluid build up in alveoli

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15
Q

Alveoli

A

tiny sacs of gas where gas exchange occurs

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16
Q

Bradycardia

A

term for slow heart rate

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17
Q

Tachycardia

A

term for fast heart rate

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18
Q

Four factors to assess respiration

A

Rhythm
Rate
Depth
Quality

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19
Q

Rhythm

A

a measurement of respiration that describes intervals between breaths

Recorded: regular or irregular

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20
Q

Rate

A

a measurement of respiration that measures the number of breaths (inhale + exhale = 1 breath) a patient takes in 1 minute.

Recorded by counting breaths for 30 sec x 2
Normal adult: 12-20 breaths/min

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21
Q

Depth

A

a measurement of respiration that describes the volume of air exchanged with each breath

Recorded: shallow or deep

22
Q

Quality

A

a measurement of respiration that describes the characteristic of each respiration

Recorded: normal, labored, wheezing, rhonchi, rales, stridor, etc…

23
Q

Locations for auscultation

A
  • On the midclavicular line, 2 in below clavicle
  • On the midaxillary line, between the 4th and 5th intercostal space (close to nipple line below armpit)

Remember to listen to both sides, then move on to different location.

24
Q

Taking Lung Vital Sign

A

normal record: normal and bilaterally equal

abnormal: faded/diminished/absent on ___ side, wheezing, rales, crackles, etc.

25
Q

Three factors to asses pulse

A

Rate
Rhythm
Strength

26
Q

Pulse

A

the rhythmic beats felt as the heart pumps blood through the arteries

27
Q

Rate

A

measurement of the pulse that is recorded as the number of beats per minute (BPM)

28
Q

Rhythm

A

measurement of the pulse that describes the intervals between beats

Recorded: regular or irregular

29
Q

Strength

A

measurement of the pulse that described the pressure of the pulse

Recorded: bounding, normal or thready

30
Q

Thready pulse

A

describes a weak, rapid pulse usually a sign of shock

31
Q

Bounding pulse

A

describes an abnormally strong pulse

32
Q

Blood pressure

A

a vital sign that is measures the pressure created in the arteries written as systolic/diastolic

33
Q

Systolic Pressure

A

the greatest pressure against the walls of the arteries during contraction of the heart measured in mmHg

34
Q

Diastolic Pressure

A

the pressure inside the arterial walls as the heart relaxes or refills measured in mmHg

35
Q

Sphymomanometer

A

also known as a blood pressure cuff

36
Q

Carotid artery

A

artery in neck where you can measure pulse

37
Q

Brachial artery

A

artery in elbow where you can measure pulse

38
Q

Radial artery

A

artery in wrist where you can measure pulse

39
Q

Femoral artery

A

artery near groin where you can measure pulse

40
Q

Popliteal artery

A

artery behind knee where you can measure pulse

41
Q

Posterior tibial artery

A

artery found in inner heel on foot where you can measure pulse

42
Q

Dorsalis pedis artery

A

artery found on foot (little lower than space between big toe and index toe) where you can measure pulse

43
Q

Skin

A

a very vascular part of the body that can give valuable signs to blood loss and other condition

44
Q

Three factors to assess skin

A

Color
Temperature
Moisture

45
Q

Color of skin

A

a measurement of the skin to describe color

Recorded: normal and pink, pink, ashen (gray), cyanotic (blue-gray), jaundice (yellow), flushed (red/blush), mottled (purple: blood pooling)

46
Q

Cyanotic

A

skin that appears blue-gray usually a sign of hypoxia or anoxia

47
Q

Temperature

A

a measurement of the skin to describe warmth/coolness

Recorded: normal and warm, hot, cool, cold

48
Q

Moisture

A

a measurement of the skin to describe the moisture of the skin

Recorded: dry, moist, clammy

49
Q

Pupils

A

the black center of the eye and is directly correlated with neurological function which can provide information about certain medical problems

50
Q

Taking Pupil Vital Sign

A

normal record= Pupils Equal and Reactive to Light (PERL)

abnormal= constricted (pinpoint), dilated (large), unequal, unreactive to light

51
Q

Vital Signs to assess

A 
Respirations
Lung
Pulse
Blood Pressure
Skin
Pupils

EMT (4 decks)

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