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EMT > EMT Job Knowledge > Flashcards

EMT Job Knowledge Flashcards

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1
Q

Phlebotomy

A

Using needles / IV / drawing blood

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2
Q

Emesis

Emesis Bags

A

Another word for throw up, a bag to catch throw up

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3
Q

Passover info needed

A

PT- patient vitals
DX- diagnosis
RX- medications
HX- history

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4
Q

Lactated Ringer

A

Given for dehydration, loss of blood, can be used to wash out eyes from chemical exposure

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5
Q

Bariatric

A

Fat people treatment and prevention.

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6
Q

Ambulatory

A

Able to walk

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7
Q

TIA

A

Transient (temporary) Ischemic Attack. Mini or warning stroke. Same as stroke but is over fast. Lasts about 5 min. Body naturally produces clot busters that act fast to dissolve the blockage. Facial droop, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty.

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8
Q

Ischemia

A

Lack of blood flow to a certain area. Most likely due to blood vessels.

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9
Q

DKA

A

Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Blood sugar gets too high, too many ketones. Leads to Diabetic comas and death. Signs- Altered, fruity breathe, tired. Check urine for ketones (product of burning fat for energy)

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10
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Low blood sugar (under 70 mg/dl). Complications- seizures, nervous system damage, fainting. Symptoms- difficulty concentrating, fainting, weakness, tired. Pt took insulin and didn’t eat, skipped a meal, drank alcohol without eating.

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11
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

High blood sugar. Sugar in urine. Frequent urination. Over 200.

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12
Q

Diaphoresis or diaphoretic

A

Sweat

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13
Q

STEMI

A

ST elevated Myocardial Infarction- artery that supplies oxygenated blood to the heart (coronary artery) is blocked.

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14
Q

NICU

A

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. ICU for new borne babies. 1 month and younger.

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15
Q

PICU

A

Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. ICU for children.

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16
Q

Cyanosis

A

Blue

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17
Q

Hypoperfusion

A

Another word for shock

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18
Q

Cells don’t get enough oxygen

A

Hypoxia

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19
Q

Inability to swallow

A

Dysphagia

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20
Q

Dysmotility

A

Inability of movement of food

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21
Q

Mesh tube inside of an artery to prevent collapse

A

Stent

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22
Q

Myo

A

Muscle

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23
Q

Angioplasty

A

Opens up blocked arteries, mostly used on coronary artery. Balloon inflates inside artery to push open. Almost all angioplasty is immediately proceeded by a stent.

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24
Q

Atrovent

A

Prevents bronchospasms - Opens medium and large airways of the lungs (Trachea and Bronchus). Used for pts with copd, bronchitis, and enphysema.

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25
Q

Naloxone

A

Narcan

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26
Q

A V Fistula (Arteriovenous)

A

Used for dialysis. It is a man made connection of an artery and vein. Most likely visible protruding vein in the arm.

27
Q

Necrosis

A

The death of most or all of the cells in an organ or tissue. Caused by disease, injury, or ischemia.

28
Q

Cullen’s sign (periumbilical ecchymosis)

A

Superficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous layer around umbilicus. Indicated acute pancreatitis, aortic rupture, ruptured ectopic pregnancy. Most likely pancreatitis.

29
Q

Exsanguination

A

Dying from bleeding out

30
Q

MDI

A

Metered Dose Inhaler. Perscribed by a doctor.

31
Q

Pancreatitis

A

Inflammation of the pancreas (below the stomach). Goes away within days or months. Many underlying causes, must treat the cause.

32
Q

Beta 2 Antagonist

A

Medication that relaxes smooth muscle. Causes dilation of bronchial passages, vasodilation in muscle and liver, relaxation of uterine muscle, and release of insulin. They are primarily used to treat asthma and other pulmonary disorders, like COPD.

33
Q

Aneurysm

A

Ballooning of an artery. The artery wall gets weak and buldges.

34
Q

Central Venous Catheter

A

A central line is a long, flexible tube used to give medicines, fluids, nutrients, or blood products over usually several weeks or more. A catheter is inserted in the arm, chest, or neck through the skin into a large vein. The catheter is threaded through this vein until it reaches a large vein near the heart.

35
Q

Pulmonary Hypertension

A

Increase in blood pressure in lung vasculature (pulmonary arteries, vein, or capillaries). Symptoms include SOB, dizziness, leg swelling.

36
Q

Biotelemetry

A

Vs monitored and transmitted to a display unit so multiple pt vs can be monitored at one time.

37
Q

Paracentisis

A

Suction of fluid (peritoneal fluid) built up in the belly.

38
Q

Peritoneum

A

Layer of abdominal tissues, protects organs from infection.

39
Q

Fibrosis

A

Thickening, scarring, hardening

40
Q

Bone marrow

A

Spongey material inside long bones such as humerus and and femur. Produce red blood cells.

41
Q

Shunt

A

The process of moving liquid from one place to another, could be done with catheter or simply strategically making a hole.

42
Q

Primum non nocere

A

First, do no harm

43
Q

Cirrhosis

A

Liver scarring and cell loss. Alcoholism, hepatitis B and C are among many causes. Signs: jaundice, no appetite, easy bruising, weakness.

44
Q

Aphasia

A

Difficulty speaking or comprehending language.

45
Q

Vestigial

A

Unneeded organ or body part

46
Q

Acronym for 5 different types of shock

A

CHORD- cardiogenic, hypovolemic, obstructive, respiratory, distributive.

47
Q

Cardiogenic shock

A

Hypoperfusion caused by heart not pumping correctly. Most likely because of MI.

48
Q

3 types of hypovolemic shock

A

Hemorrhagic, nonhemorrhagic, burn

49
Q

Common causes of obstructive shock

A

Tension pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, pericardial tamponade

50
Q

Respiratory/metabolic shock

A

Poor oxygen co2 gas exchange.

51
Q

3 categories of distributive shock

A

Septic, neurogenic, anaphylactic

52
Q

respiratory alkalosis

A

Breathing too fast, too much oxygen not enough co2, breath into paper bad, panic attack.

53
Q

Respiratory acidosis

A

Hypoventilation/bradypnea , build up in co2, drug overdose.

54
Q

Insulin shock

A

Hypoglycemia

55
Q

Lavage

A

To wash out. Can pertain to stomach or wounds etc.

56
Q

Distributive shock

A

Vasodilation

57
Q

Diabetes

A

Pancreas has inability to produce adequate amounts of insulin. Leads to an increase in blood sugar because it can’t be accepted into the cells. Hyperglycemia.

57
Q

Normal blood sugar

A

Between 70-100 mg/dl

58
Q

Angioadema

A

Swollen body part from an allergic reaction.

59
Q

Esophageal Varices

A

Liver cirrhosis causes bad blood flow, blood backs up into the small veins in the esophagus.

60
Q

Neutropenic Precautions

A

Neutropenia is low white blood cell count. Pt is on precautions bc of the low WBC count.
Fever=Sepsis

61
Q

DVT

A

Deep Vein Thrombosis. Blood clot in the vein. Mostly in legs. Could lead to PE.

62
Q

ICH

A

Intracerebral hemorrhage. Version of a stroke.

EMT (7 decks)

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