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EMT > EMT Glossary page 1346 > Flashcards

EMT Glossary page 1346 Flashcards

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1
Q

Patella

A

The kneecap.

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2
Q

Patent

A

Open; not closed, as a patent airway.

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3
Q

Patent airway

A

An airway that is open and clear of any obstructions.

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4
Q

Pathogens

A

Microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses that cause disease.

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5
Q

Patient assessment

A

Procedures performed to determine immediate life threats and injuries sustained or the condition of the patient, on which decision about emergency medical care and transport will be based.

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6
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

A

Inflammation of the female reproductive tract.

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7
Q

Pelvis

A

The bones that form the floor of the abdominal cavity; the sacrum and coccyx of the spine, the iliac crests, the pubis, and the ischium.

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8
Q

Penetrating trauma

A

A force that pierces the skin and body tissues, for example, a knife or gunshot wound.

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9
Q

Penetration/puncture

A

An open injury caused by a sharp, pointed object being pushed into the soft tissues.

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10
Q

Perfusion

A

The delivery of oxygen and other nutrients tot he cells of all organ systems, which results from the constant adequate circulation of blood through the capillaries.

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11
Q

Pericardial tamponade

A

Blood or fluid filling the fibrous sac around the heart, causing compression of the heart and decreasing the ability of the ventricles to effectively fill and eject blood.

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12
Q

Perineum

A

The area of skin between a female’s vagina and anus.

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13
Q

Peripheral chemoreceptors

A

Receptors located in the aortic arch and the carotid bodies that are somewhat sensitive to CO2 and pH but are most sensitive to the level of oxygen in the arterial blood; see also chemoreceptors.

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14
Q

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

A

That portion of the nervous system location outside the brain and spinal cord.

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15
Q

Peripheral neuropathy

A

See neuropathy.

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16
Q

Peritoneal space

A

The anterior abdominal cavity that houses the majority of the abdominal organs and is lined by the peritoneum.

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17
Q

Peritoneum

A

The lining of the abdominal cavity.

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18
Q

Peritonitis

A

Irritation and inflammation of the abdominal lining.

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19
Q

Persistence

A

A characteristic of agents that do not evaporate quickly and tend to remain as a puddle for long periods of time.

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20
Q

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

A

Equipment work to protect against injury and disease.

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21
Q

Pertinent negatives

A

Signs or symptoms that might be expected in certain circumstances, based on the chief complaint or physical exam, but are denied by the patient or not found on examination.

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22
Q

Phalanges

A

Bones of the fingers, thumbs, and toes; plural of phalanx.

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23
Q

Pharmacology

A

The study of drugs.

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24
Q

Pharming

A

Raiding others’ home medicine supplies or using faked prescriptions to obtain drugs.

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25
Q

Pharynx

A

The throat, or passageway for air from the nasal cavity to the larynx and passageway for food from the mouth to the esophagus; the common passageway for the respiratory and digestive tracts.

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26
Q

Phobia

A

An irrational feat that often surrounds or is triggered by specific things, places, or situations.

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27
Q

Physical abuse

A

Improper or excessive action taken so as to injure or cause bodily harm.

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28
Q

Physician orders for life-sustaining treatment (POLST)

A

Orders that identify the desired level of life-sustaining treatment in patients with a terminal or life-threatening illness who are not likely to survive.

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29
Q

Physiology

A

The study of the function of the living body and its parts.

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30
Q

Pia mater

A

Inner layer of protective brain tissue (meninges).

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31
Q

Placenta

A

The fetal organ through which the fetus exchanges nourishment and waste products during pregnancy.

32
Q

Plantar

A

Refers to the sole of the foot.

33
Q

Plasma

A

The liquid part of the blood.

34
Q

Plasma oncotic pressure

A

The force created by the presences of large molecules that tends to keep fluid inside a capillary by exerting a “pull” effect; also called colloid oncotic pressure or oncotic pressure.

35
Q

Platelets

A

Components of blood that are essential to the formation of blood clots.

36
Q

Pleura

A

Two layers of connective tissue that surround the lungs.

37
Q

Pleural space

A

A small space between the visceral and parietal pleura that is at negative pressure and filled with serous fluid.

38
Q

Pneumonia

A

Infection of the lungs, usually from a bacterium or virus.

39
Q

Pneumotaxic center

A

See pontine respiratory center.

40
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Air in the pleural space causing collapse of the lung.

41
Q

Pocket mask

A

A plastic mask placed over the patient’s nose and mouth through which ventilations can be delivered.

42
Q

Poison

A

Any substance - liquid, solid, or gas - that impairs health or causes death by its chemical action when it enters the body or comes into contact with the skin.

43
Q

Pontine respiratory center

A

Located in the pons of the brainstem, sends inhibitory impulses to the VRG1 (inspiratory neurons) to halt inspiration and permit exhalation; also known as the pneumotaxic center.

44
Q

Positive pressure ventilation (PPV)

A

Method of aiding a patient whose breathing is inadequate by forcing air into his lungs.

45
Q

Posterior

A

Toward the bad; opposite of anterior.

46
Q

Posterior plane

A

The back or dorsal side of the body.

47
Q

Posterior tibial artery

A

A major artery that travels from the calf to the foot and that can be felt on the medical surface of the ankle bone.

48
Q

Postictal state

A

The recovery period that follows the clonic phase of a generalized seizure. In a postictal state the patient commonly appears weak, exhausted, confused, and disoriented and progressively improves.

49
Q

Postmaturity syndrome

A

Condition that occurs during pregnancy when gestation of the fetus extends beyond 42 weeks, leading to reduced oxygen and nutrient delivery to the fetus; see also postterm pregnancy.

50
Q

Postpartum

A

The period following delivery of the infant.

51
Q

Postpartum hemorrhage

A

The loss of greater than 500 mL of blood following delivery of the infant.

52
Q

Postterm pregnancy

A

Gestation of the fetus that extends beyond 42 weeks; see also postmaturity syndrome.

53
Q

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A

A severe anxiety disorder caused when an individual is exposed to traumatic events that threaten actual or perceived immediate death, serious injury, or horrific trauma. The symptoms are frequently delayed and may occur years or decades after the traumatic event itself.

54
Q

Power grip

A

Recommended gripping technique; the palm and fingers come in complete contact with the object and all fingers are bent at the same angle.

55
Q

Power lift

A

Recommended technique for lifting. Feet are apart, knees bent, back and abdominal muscles tightened, back as straight as possible, lifting force driven through heels and arches, upper body rising before hips.

56
Q

Precipitous delivery

A

Birth of the fetus after less than 3 hours of labor.

57
Q

Prefix

A

A word part added to the beginning of a word to modify its meaning or to give additional or specific meaning to the word.

58
Q

Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)

A

In a pregnant woman, a blood pressure greater than 140/90 mmHg on two or more occasions at least 6 hours apart, or an increase from prepregnancy of greater than 30 mmHg in systolic pressure and greater than 15 mmHg in diastolic pressure.

59
Q

Prehospital care

A

Emergency medical treatment given to patients before they are transported to a hospital or other facility; also called out-of-hospital care.

60
Q

Prehospital care report (PCR)

A

Documentation of an EMT’s contact with a patient.

61
Q

Preload

A

The pressure generated in the left ventricle at the end of diastole (resting phase of the cardiac cycle).

62
Q

Premature infant

A

An infant weighing less than 5 pounds, or an infant born before its 38th week of gestation.

63
Q

Premature rupture of membranes (PROM)

A

Spontaneous rupture of the amniotic sac prior to the onset of true labor and before the end of the 37th week of gestation.

64
Q

Preschooler

A

A child 3-6 years of age.

65
Q

Pressure regulator

A

A device that reduces the high pressure in an oxygen cylinder to a safe range, from 30-70 psi, and controls the flow of oxygen from 1-15 lpm.

66
Q

Preterm labor

A

Labor that occurs after the 20th but prior to the 37th week of gestation; also called premature labor.

67
Q

Priapism

A

A persistent erection of the penis resulting from injury to the spinal nerves to the genitals.

68
Q

Primary assessment

A

Patient assessment conducted immediately after scene size-up to discover and treat immediately life-threatening conditions, determine whether the patient is injured or ill, and establish priorities for further assessment, care, and transport.

69
Q

Primary effect

A

The blast of an explosion.

70
Q

Primary exposure

A

Primary radiation that occurs during or shortly after a radioactive detonation.

71
Q

Primary triage

A

Evaluation of patients that occurs immediately upon arrival of the first EMS crew at the actual site of the incident to quickly categorize the severity of a patient’s condition and priority for treatment and transport.

72
Q

Profile

A

The size and shape of a bullet’s point of impact; the greater the point of impact the greater the injury.

73
Q

Progressive shock

A

See decompensatory shock.

74
Q

Prolapsed cord

A

When the umbilical cord, rather than the head of the fetus, is the first part to protrude from the vagina.

75
Q

Prone

A

Lying face down.

76
Q

Protocols

A

The policies and procedures for all components of an EMS system; also called orders or standing orders.

77
Q

Proximal

A

Near the point of reference; opposite of distal.

EMT (12 decks)

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