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EMT > EMT Glossary page 1342 > Flashcards

EMT Glossary page 1342 Flashcards

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1
Q

Emergency move

A

A patient move that should be performed when there is immediate danger to the patient or to the rescuer.

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2
Q

Emotional abuse

A

When one person shames, ridicules, embarrasses, or insults another so as to damage the victim’s self-esteem.

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3
Q

EMS system

A

Emergency Medical Services system.

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4
Q

Encoder

A

Device that breaks down sound waves into unique digital codes for radio transmission.

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5
Q

Encoding

A

Process of converting information into a message.

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6
Q

Endocrine system

A

A system of ductless glands that produce hormones that regulate body functions.

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7
Q

Endometriosis

A

The condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus.

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8
Q

Endometritis

A

Inflammation of the endometrium.

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9
Q

Endotracheal intubation

A

Placement of a tube down the trachea to facilitate airflow into the trachea and lungs.

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10
Q

Enteral feeding

A

Provision of nutrition through a tube inserted through the nose, the mouth, or a surgical opening in the abdomen into the gastrointestinal system.

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11
Q

Epidermis

A

The outermost layer of the skin; see also dermis, subcutaneous layer.

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12
Q

Epidural

A

Between the dura mater and the skull.

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13
Q

Epidural hematoma

A

Bleeding between the dura mater and the skull.

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14
Q

Epiglottis

A

A small, leaf-shaped flap of cartilaginous tissue, located immediately posterior to the root of the tongue, that covers the opening of the larynx to keep food and liquid from entering the trachea and lungs.

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15
Q

Epilepsy

A

A medical disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.

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16
Q

Epinephrine

A

A natural hormone that, when used as a medication, constricts blood vessels to improve blood pressure, reduces leakage from blood vessels, relaxes smooth muscle in the bronchioles (causes bronchodilation), and increases the heart rate and force of ventricular contractions.

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17
Q

Epistaxis

A

Bleeding from the nose resulting from injury, disease, or environment; a nosebleed.

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18
Q

Eschar

A

The hard, tough, leathery dead soft tissue formed as a result of a full-thickness burn.

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19
Q

Esophageal varices

A

Bulging, engorgement, or weakening of the blood vessels in the lining of the lower part of the esophagus.

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20
Q

Esophagus

A

Passageway at the lower end of the pharynx that leads to the stomach.

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21
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

The view that one culture’s way of doing things is the fright way and any other way is inferior.

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22
Q

Evaporation

A

Conversion of a liquid or solid into a gas; evaporation of sweat is a means by which the body is cooled.

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23
Q

Evidence-based medicine

A

Medical practice based on scientific evidence that certain procedures, medications, and equipment improve patient outcome.

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24
Q

Evisceration

A

A protrusion of organs from a wound.

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25
Q

Excited delirium

A

See agitated delirium.

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26
Q

Exclusion zone

A

See hot zone.

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27
Q

Exhalation

A

The passive process of breathing air out of the lungs; also called expiration.

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28
Q

Expiration

A

See exhalation

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29
Q

Expressed consent

A

Permission that must be obtained from every conscious, mentally competent adult before emergency treatment may be provided.

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30
Q

Extension posturing

A

A posture in which the patient arches the back and extends the arms straight out parallel to the body. A sig of serious head injury; also called decerebrate posturing.

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31
Q

External respiration

A

The gas exchange process that occurs between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries.

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32
Q

Extremities

A

The limbs of the body. The lower extremities include the hips, thighs, legs, ankles, and feet. The upper extremities include the shoulders, arms, forearms, wrists, and hands.

33
Q

Eyelids

A

Movable protective folds that can cover the eyes.

34
Q

Face

A

The area of the skull between the brow and the chin.

35
Q

Fallopian tubes

A

Thin, flexible structures that extend from the uterus to the ovaries; also called uterine tubes.

36
Q

Fallout

A

Radioactive dust and particles that may be life-threatening to people far from the epicenter of a radioactive detonation.

37
Q

False imprisonment

A

The intentional and unjustifiable detention of a person without his consent or other legal authority.

38
Q

Feedback

A

Any information that an individual receives about his behavior.

39
Q

Femoral artery

A

The major artery of the thigh that supplies the groin and leg with blood.

40
Q

Femur

A

The thighbone.

41
Q

Fetus

A

The child in the uterus from the 3rd month of pregnancy to birth; prior to that time it is called an embryo.

42
Q

Fibula

A

The lateral, smaller long bone of the lower leg.

43
Q

Flail segment

A

Two or more adjacent ribs that are fractured in two or more places and thus move independently from the rest of the rib cage.

44
Q

Flexion posturing

A

A posture in which the patient arches the back and flexes the arms inward toward the chest. A sign of serious head injury; also called decorticate posturing.

45
Q

Flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device (FROPVD)

A

A device that consists of a ventilation valve and trigger or button and is driven directly by oxygen. It is used to provide positive pressure ventilation.

46
Q

Flushing

A

Abnormally red skin color due to vasodilation.

47
Q

Fontanelle

A

The “soft spot” on an infant’s head where the bony plates of the skull have not yet fused together. The fontanelle allows the head to pass through the birth canal during delivery and to expand during development.

48
Q

Form

A

The size, shape, consistency, or appearance of a medication; for example, nitroglycerin may be in pill or spray form; oral glucose is in gel form.

49
Q

Fowler’s position

A

A position in which the patient is lying on the back with the upper body elevated at a 45 degree to 60 degree angle; see also semi-Fowler’s position.

50
Q

Fragmentation

A

The breaking up of a bullet into small pieces on impact.

51
Q

Frank-Starling law of the heart

A

The concept that the stretch of the muscle fiber in the left ventricle at the end of diastole determines the force necessary to eject the blood contained within it.

52
Q

French catheter

A

See soft catheter.

53
Q

Frequency of ventilation (f)

A

The number of ventilations in 1 minute.

54
Q

Frontal plane

A

A plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior halves; also called coronal plane.

55
Q

Full-thickness burn

A

Burn that involves all the layers of the skin and can extend beyond the subcutaneous layer into the muscle, bone, or organs below; also called a third-degree burn.

56
Q

Gamma radiation

A

See X-ray radiation.

57
Q

Gastric distention

A

Inflation of the stomach.

58
Q

Gastroenteritis

A

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine.

59
Q

Generalized cold emergency

A

See generalized hypothermia.

60
Q

Generalized hypothermia

A

An overall reduction in body temperature, affecting the entire body; also called hypothermia or generalized cold emergency.

61
Q

Generalized tonic-clonic seizure

A

A common type of seizure that produces unresponsiveness and a convulsion that exhibits generalized jerky muscle activity; also known as a grand mal seizure.

62
Q

Genitourinary system

A

Male organ system that includes both the reproductive and the urinary structures.

63
Q

Gestures

A

Nonverbal body movements that convey meaning to others.

64
Q

Glaucoma

A

An abnormal increase in intraocular pressure that damages the optic nerve, resulting in loss of peripheral vision and eventual blindness.

65
Q

Globe

A

The eyeball.

66
Q

Glucagon

A

A hormone secreted by the pancreas that raises the blood glucose level by stimulating the liver to convert stored glycogen and other substances into glucose.

67
Q

Glucose

A

A form of sugar that is the body’s basic source of energy.

68
Q

Glycolysis

A

The breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid in the cells.

69
Q

Good Samaritan Law

A

A law that provides immunity from liability for acts performed in good faith to assist at the scene of a medical emergency unless those acts constitute gross negligence.

70
Q

Guarded position

A

A position generally assumed by patients with acute abdominal pain with knees drawn up and hands clenched over the abdomen.

71
Q

Gurgling

A

A gargling sound that indicates a fluid is in the mouth of pharynx.

72
Q

Gynecology

A

Branch of medicine that studies health of the female patient and her reproductive system.

73
Q

Hallucinogens

A

Substances that caused hallucinations, or false perceptions not based on reality; also called psychedelics.

74
Q

Haptics

A

The study of touching.

75
Q

Hard catheter

A

See rigid catheter.

76
Q

Hazardous material

A

Material that in any quantity poses a threat or unreasonable risk to life, health, or property if not properly controlled during manufacture, processing, packaging, handling, storage, transportation, use, and disposal.

77
Q

Head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver

A

A manual technique used to open the airway. The head is tilted back by one hand. The tips of the fingers of the other hand are placed under the chin and used to life the mandible up and forward.

78
Q

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

A

A federal law enacted in 1996 that protects the privacy of patient health care information and gives the patient control over how the information is distributed and used.

EMT (12 decks)

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