EMR Flashcards
What are some precautions to consider for diathermy?
- Electronic or magnetic equipment nerby
- Obesity
- Copper IUDs
What are the contraindications for UVR?
- Eyes
- Skin cancer
- Pulmonary TB
- Cardia, kidney, liver disease
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Fever
What are the contraindications for laser and light therapies?
- Over the eyes
- Cancer
- Within 4-6 months of radiotherapy
- Actively hemorrhaging area
- Over thyroid or endocrine glands
What energy density do you need for laser wound healing?
4-16 J/cm2
What energy density do you need to apply to several sights for postmastectomy lymphedema?
1.5-2 J/cm2
What are SLDs primarily used to treat?
- Superficial to a little deeper
- Large areas
- Shorter times are needed compared to LEDs
What are the indications for utilizing laser therapy?
- Wound healing
- Stimulate immune system
- Postmastectomy lymphedema
- Neuro
- Pain
When documenting Laser treatments what do you need?
- Area treated
- Laser used
- Continuous or pulsed
- dosage used
- timer per site
- location of points or sites
- GOGGLES
What are the effects (thermal and nonthermal) of diathermy?
-
Thermal
- Vasodilation
- Increased nerve conduction
- Increased A beta decrease to pain
- Increased metabolism/enzymes
- Increased extensibility
-
Nonthermal
- Increased microvascular perfusion
- Altered cell membrane permeability and activity
What are some precautions to consider when utilizing UVR modalities?
- Photosensitizing meds
- Photosensitivity
- Recent X-ray therapy
- Previous dose effects
What are the effects of UVR?
- Vitamin D production
- Erythema (skin redness)
- Tanning
- Epidermal hyperplasia
- Bactericidal (bacteria death)
- Psychological
What tissue types conduct the best with SWD?
Tissues of high water and ion concentration
What UV therapies would be indicated for Psoriasis?
- PUVA
- UVB
What are the wavelengths for UVB?
290-320nm
What are the adverse effects of diathermy?
- Burns
- Fat especially at risk
- Use a towel to absorb moisture
What are the contraindications for diathermy?
- Anywhere heat is contraindicated
- Implanted metal
- Cancer
- Over the eyes
- Over testes and reproductive organs
- Epiphyseal plates
- Pregnancy
- Implanted electrical biomedical devices
What is the wavelength for MWD?
1m-1mm
What are LEDs primarily used to treat?
Large superficial areas
What energy density would you apply to a patient experiencing chronic pain?
12 J/cm2
What frequency is used for therapeutic SWD?
27.12Mhz
How do you determine the energy density (J/cm2) for a laser?
J/cm2= Energy (J)/ Area of irradiation (cm2)
When documenting UVR treatments what do you need?
- Lamp number
- Distance
- Power
- Duration
- Patient Position
- GOGGLES
What is the wavelength of SWD?
30-3m
What are long and short wavelength lasers utilized for?
- Red wavelengths are utilized for superficial (first few mm of skin)
- Longer wavelengths are used to focus energy to deeper tissues with indirect effects up to 3-5cm
What UV type is indicated for treating infected/non healing wounds?
UVC
What are some properties of lasers and light therapies?
- Monochromatic
- Coherent
- Directional/Collimated
What is the frequency of MWD?
300Mhz-300Ghz
2450Mhz, 915Mhz
When documenting diathermy treatments what do you need?
- Area treated
- Type
- Parameters
- Distance
- Patient positioning
- Treatment duration
What are the effects of laser treatments?
- Increased ATP/RNA synthesis
- Increased collagen production
- Modulates inflammation
- Decreases bacterial growth
- Increases microcirculation (vasodilation)
- Alters nerve conduction and regeneration
What is the Frequency of Short Wave Diathermy?
10-100Mhz
What are the potential adverse effects of UVR?
- Burns
- Premature aging of skin
- Skin cancer
- Eye damage
- Psoralen related nausea/vomiting
What are the wavelengths for UVC?
200-290nm
What are the wavelengths for UVA
320-400nm
What is the treatment depth of SWD?
3-5cm
What are the indications for diathermy?
- Deep soft tissue and joint restrictions and pain
- Acute pain and edema
- Soft tissue healing
When utilizing laser and light therapies what are the precautions to consider?
- Pregnancy (low back and abdomen)
- Epiphyseal plates of children
- Impaired sensation and mentation
- Photophobia or high sensitivity to light
- Pretreatment with a photosensitizer
- Tattoos or dark pigmented skin
What dictates dosage for diathermy?
The stage of healing and patients subjective rating of warmth
