Emotion, Perceiving 3D and Illusions Flashcards
What are the 6 universal basic emotions?
happy, sad, angry, fear, surprise, disgust
What activity in the brain is observed when someone witnesses disgust in a stimulus?
Increased activity in the insula cortex, similar to experiences of disgust
How does height in the visual field affect the perceived distance of an object?
- objects at a greater distance occur higher in the visual field
- project lower on the retinal image
How does geometrical perspective change with increasing distance?
Parallel lines converge with distance
How does texture gradient change with distance?
Finer (denser) gradient is seen as being further away
How does occlusion affect perception of distance?
Close objects overlap far objects
How does blurring and bluing affect perceived distance?
- Far away objects are more blurred as intervening dust particles scatter light
- Light scattering also means that distant objects appear more blue
Why are pictoral cues ambiguous?
As many 3D models create the same 2D image
What is an unambiguous depth cue?
Motion parallax
What is stereopsis?
When left and right eye views differ?
What is the definition of an illusion?
When what we see does not correspond with what is physically present in the world?
What is the basic explanation for the colour after, orientation after and motion after effect?
That the brain becomes used to a steady state and then code (overemphasize) changes over time
What are the causes of contrast illusions?
That visual qualities are coded relative to the surround
What are the 3 geometrical illusions and what is the hypothesis behind them?
Ponzo, Muller-Lyer and Ames room
Gregory Ames theory - That the visual system makes a hypothesis about the distance of an object according to evidence in the image
How do ambiguous figures such as figure ground reversing figures and Neckers cubes work?
2D images with more than one 3D interpretation, but only one can be perceived at a time
