Emerging trends, Issues & Impacts

Question 1

Environmental issues

Answer 1

• Manufacturing: Non-renewable, toxic materials are used. Releases greenhouse gases
• Disposal: Dumped into landfill sites, can pollute the land and water.
• Energy consumption: Vast amounts of energy are used during manufacturing and use
• Short replacement cycle

Question 2

Privacy concerns

Answer 2

It is not always obvious who is collecting and analysing personal data and who that data is being passed to

Question 3

Discrimination

Answer 3

• Analysis of shared data could result in some groups of individuals being discriminated against
• Technology has to be inclusive to reduce the disadvantage in society because more people have access

Question 4

Patents

Answer 4

• Protect new inventions.
• A patent holder has the exclusive right for 20 years

Question 5

Licensing

Answer 5

The copyright holder of a work can grant a license that permits a third party to use it.
A software license is a legally binding contract that specifies how software can be used

Question 6

Legislation (Data Protection Act)

Answer 6

• Lawfulness, fairness, and transparency
• Purpose limitation
• Data minimisation
• Accuracy
• Storage limitation
• Security
• Accountability

Question 7

Data subject rights

Answer 7

• Be informed about the collection and use of data
• Access their data
• Have inaccurate data corrected
• Have data erased
• Withdraw consent at any time
• Restrict the way in which their data is processed

Question 8

Computer misuse act

Answer 8

• Unauthorised access to computer material
• Unauthorised access with intent to commit further offenses
• Unauthorised access with intent to impair the running of a computer or damage/destroy data

Question 9

Cookies

Answer 9

• A small text file that enables the website to recognise the user’s device
• The website must warn the users, cookies are being used
• Users can opt-out

Question 10

Lawfulness, fairness, and transparency

Answer 10

• Have a legitimate reason for processing someone’s data
• Must warn the user and must get consent

Question 11

Purpose limitation

Answer 11

• Only use data for the purpose it was collected

Question 12

Data minimisation

Answer 12

• Only collect as much data as is necessary

Question 13

Accuracy

Answer 13

• Ensure that the data collected is accurate

Question 14

Storage limitation

Answer 14

• Not keep data for longer than necessary

Question 15

Security

Answer 15

• Keep data secure and protect it

Question 16

Accountability

Answer 16

• Demonstrate that data protection measures are adequate

Question 17

Backup

Answer 17

• Allows for data recovery
• Make a copy of data and store it on a different device in different location
• Full or Incremental

Question 18

Recovery

Answer 18

• The process of restoring data and/or system states from the backup copy

Question 19

Full backup

Answer 19

• A full copy is made of all the data

Question 20

Incremental

Answer 20

• Only copies of new files and those that have changed are made

Question 21

Virus

Answer 21

• Malicious code that’s hidden within other file
• Designed to replicate and inserted into other files

Question 22

Worms

Answer 22

• Malicious software programs
• Replicate themselves
• Can distribute independently

Question 23

Trojans

Answer 23

• Malicious software programs
• Don’t replicate
• Camouflaged as legitimate software

Question 24

Ransomware

Answer 24

• Type of malware that blocks users from using using their computer or accessing he data stored until a ransom is paid

Question 25

Key loggers

Answer 25

• Spyware
• Monitoring software that record keys pressed

Question 26

Physhing

Answer 26

• Attempt to get sensitive, confidential information

Question 27

Pretexting (blagging)

Answer 27

• Inventing a scenario with malicious intetns

Question 28

WEEE

Answer 28

• Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
• Sets targets for the collection and recycling and recovery of computing technology and other electronic items

Question 29

Positive impact of technology on the environment

Answer 29

• Less CO2 released by people travelling to work since remote work
• Energy efficient homes since smart switches can turn off lights