Emergency procedures (EP's) (20.11) Flashcards
1
LIFE JACKETS must be carried
i. a life jacket or flotation device for each occupant, including infants and kids
ii. multi-engine aircraft — greater than 50 miles.
iii. RPT/CHTR
T/Off or Approach over water that could reasonably result to land on water
* land shall mean land suitable for an emergency landing.
LIFE RAFTS must be carried
2 turbine engines and complies with section 20.7.1B;
a distance equal to 120 minutes at normal cruising speed, or 400 miles, whichever is the less;
In any other case — a distance equal to 30 minutes at normal cruising speed, or 100 miles, whichever is the less.
ILLUMINATION OF EMERGENCY EXITS
Where an aircraft, which is equipped with an emergency lighting system is in flight and less than
1000 feet above the terrain or on the ground with passengers on board, then either:
- the emergency lighting system shall be switched on; or
- the normal cabin lights shall be switched on and the emergency lighting system shall be armed
SURVIVAL EQUIPEMENT - Carried
A/C shall carry survival equipment for sustaining life appropriate to the area being overflown on the following flights:
- where the carriage of life rafts are required;
- during operations within or through the remote areas;
- on such other flights as may be directed by CASA.
FIRE EXTINGUISHING - How To Use
P – Push up the Red Latch
A – Aim at the base of the flame
S – Squeeze the discharge lever
S – Sweeping the flame
FIRE EXTINGUISHING
Classes of Extinguisher
Class A – ASH – Combustible materials (Paper/wood/cloth)
Class B – BOTTLE – Liquids (Petrol/Kero)
Class C – CYLINDER – Gases (LPG/Natural Gas)
Class D – DAZZLING – Metals (magnesium)
Class E – ELECTRICAL
Class F – FATS & OILS (cooking oil)
Planes mostly Class B & E
What type of FIRE EXTINGUISHING do we carry?
What should it be used for?
BCF
Bromo-chlorodi-fluoro-methane
Can be used for most classes. usually B and E
(liquid / electrical)
Do NOT use on class D & F (metals / Fats)
FIRE EXTINGUISHING
Pre Flight
Located – Behind LH Cockpit seat & Under CA’s seat
Fire Axe behind RHS seat Cockpit
Correct location
Secure
Red Latch Down, Red disk in place
FIRE EXTINGUISHING -
Range
MAX 3mtr,
Optimum 1.5-2 mtr
FIRE EXTINGUISHING -
orientation during use.
Size and time of use?
Must be upright
1.0 Kg = 10 sec
1.5 Kg = 15 sec
How can you control passengers / Delegation
FLT crew Automatically have position of power (Uniform)
1. Loud / Clear / Confident delivery
- Use hand signals to reinforce message
Flexi Cuffs – Located
Row 1 Overhead bin (near Toilets), 3 pairs
Also scissors for removal if required
Interphone/PA calls:
Critical Situation CA/PA
Exp. threat
Brace for impact & Ditching
Alert PA
Evacuation
Alert CANCEL
“CAPTAIN, I MUST COME TO THE FLIGHT DECK IMMEDIATELY”
(CABIN CREW COME TO THE FLIGHT DECK IMMEDIATELY)
“CAPTAIN, I MUST REPORT TO THE FLIGHT DECK IMMEDIATELY”
(CABIN CREW REPORT TO THE FLIGHT DECK IMMEDIATELY)
“ATTENTION: BRACE, BRACE, BRACE”
“ATTENTION: BRACE, BRACE, BRACE THIS IS A DITCHING”
“ATTENTION: ALL PASSENGERS REMAIN SEATED AND AWAIT FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS”
“ATTENTION:___EXITS, EVACUATE, EVACUATE,___EXITS”
“LADIES AND GENTALMEN OUR CONDITION IS SAFE”
Level of threat
4 levels
non compliant
loud / abusive
bodily harm
Attempted entry to flight deck
Emergency brief the CA
T- Type of emergency
E- Evacuation requirements
S- Signal for Brace required?
T- Time to prepare
Disabled brief
Which exit to use + 1 backup
who will help
special instructions
oxygen dispatch 4 crew
3 crew?
1300psi 3 crew 30pax
1470psi 4 crew 30pax
oxy dispatch portable
-
Medical oxygen
When must it be carried?
Oxy dispatch pressure?
Daily inspection?
Must be carried above 25,000ft
1500psi
Correct location Secure in bracket Dust cover 1500psi No grease or oil mask and tubing attached
Oxygen
“crew oxy” amber light on MAP
-
Time of useful consciousness
20,000ft 5-10min
25,000ft 2-3min
30,000ft 45-75sec
Supplemental Oxy supplied Cockpit bellow FL250
-
Supplemental Oxygen supplied cabin altitude
-
Supplemental oxygen supplied - pax bellow FL250
-
Supplemental oxygen supplied - pax above FL250
-
First Aid kit located
Last row over head bin.
Survival Kit Located
With the life raft if flying over water.
Carried separately if required for remote areas.
—–
Escape Ropes
2 in the cockpit. one each side overhead panel.
2 in the cabin. front left side cupboard near attendant seat
Survival Order Of Priority
How much water for each person?
Protection
Location
Water
Food
No drinking of water in the first 24hrs
500ml per person / day
(morning, day, night. suggested to serve in 50ml amounts)
Signal Fires
Should be 3 fires in a line or a triangle spaced 30m apart
Ground signals
1m wide 6m high
ELT - Frequency
Battery life expectancy
Intensive search is conducted during what period?
406mhz or 121.5mhz
48hrs
First 72hrs
EMERGENCY SIGNALING EQUIPMENT
i. aircraft required to carry life rafts must be fitted with, or carry
When 1 life raft is carried — at least 1 ELT or 1 portable ELT;
When more than 1 life raft is carried — at least:
a. 1 approved ELT and 1 approved portable ELT; or
b. 2 approved portable ELTs;
c. a supply of pyrotechnic distress signals.
ii. If an approved portable ELT that is carried is an emergency position indicating radio
beacon (an EPIRB), it must be carried:
1. in, or adjacent to, a life raft; or
2. adjacent to an emergency exit used for evacuation of the aircraft in an emergency.
iii. PIC or Operator must ensure ELT is in date
PORTABLE MEGAPHONES
RPT / CHTR(PAX)
More than 60 seats; and is carrying at least 1 passenger.
Less than 100 seats — 1 portable megaphone; or
Otherwise — 2 portable megaphones
Cargo Fire Bottles-
Location / how many?
1x small 30sec use (use first)
1x Large 90min use (use second)
Lithium Battery fire should be extinguished using which method?
Do NOT cover (cloth or Ice) this insulates and accelerates the Fire (thermal runaway)
Use water to put out flames and to cool the battery.
The Atmosphere is made up of what gasses?
Brain damage occurs how long after no oxygen?
20% oxy
78% Nitrogen
2% many other gasses
4-5min
What are some Mild Symptoms of Hypoxia?
Fatigue
Listlessness
Lack of concentration
What are some Moderate Symptoms of Hypoxia?
Lack of self criticism
Mood change and confusion
Breathlessness
What are some Severe Symptoms of Hypoxia?
Cyanosis
Unconsciousness
Death
What actions should you take for a passenger suffering form hypoxia?
Administer Oxygen
Breath normally
Loosen tight clothing
Monitor
Signs of Decompression sickness?
The bends - Joint pain The Chokes - Chest pain Creeps - itching skin , red rash Nerve system - Partial vision loss Collapse - Unconsciousness , death.
What can you do to help against decompression sickness.
Descend aircraft keep them warm lay flat oxygen divert aircraft
Actions for the Pre-flight inspection of Fire hood?
Correct location
Expiry date valid
Tamper proof seal
Humidity indicator Blue (not pink)
Water survival time? temperature range 0’-21’C
What can increase or decrease that time.
0’-4.5’C <1hr
4.5’-10’C 1hr
10’-15.5’C 6hrs
15.5’-21’C 12hrs
Don’t swim stay still
(movement looses heat 35% faster)
HELP position increases survival time by 50%
(tucked up arms around legs)
Increase time huddling with others
Stable approach Criteria?
The airplane should be stabilised at 1000 ft HAA if in IMC and non-normal
conditions, and no lower than 500 ft HAA if in VMC conditions. A approach on
the EMB120 is considered stabilised when all of the following criteria are met:
– The airplane is on the correct flight path,
– Only small changes in heading and pitch are required to maintain the
correct flight path,
– Fly ILS approaches within one dot of the glideslope and localizer,
– The airplane approach speed is VREF + Wind Correction, not exceeding
VREF +20 kt and not less than VREF,
– The airplane is in the correct landing configuration,
– Sink rate is no greater than 1000 ft/min; if an approach requires a sink
rate greater than 1000 ft/min, conduct a special briefing,
– Power setting is appropriated for the airplane configuration,
– All briefings and checklists have been conducted.
