Emergency Procedures Flashcards
Autorotation
Engine-off maneuver where upward airflow spins the rotors.
RPM Control
Raising collective reduces the rpm and lowering it increases rpm in an auto.
Risk management during training
There are risks inherent in performing autorotations, it to avoid them?
Straight-In Autorotation
Autorotation made with no turns
Autorotation with turns
Autorotation with turns
Practice Autorotation with power recovery
Terminate practice auto at a point prior to actual touchdown
Vortex ring state
Helicopter is in a vertical descent with 20% percent up to maximum power applied, and little to no climb performance.
Vertical descent of at least 300 fpm
using some available engine power 20-100%
Slower than ETL.
Traditional Recovery- increase airspeed and partially lower collective to exit
Vuichard Recovery- lateral cyclic thrust, slight increase in power and lateral anti torque
Retreating Blade stall
retreating rotor blade loses lift because it can’t maintain enough airflow at high speeds. Decrease airspeed.
Ground Resonance
Rotor imbalances cause the helicopter to rock. Land or take off immediately.
Dynamic Rollover
rolling motion around the landing gear ground contact point.
rolling moment
pivot point
thrust greater than weight
Lowering the Collective
Low-G conditions and mast bumping
a near-zero or negative gravitational force.
reload the rotor system, Gentle Aft Cyclic, Smooth Control Inputs, lateral cyclic to correct any rolling motion. Prevention is Paramount.
Low rotor RPM and rotor stall
reduces the blades’ ability to generate lift, excessive collective can lead to rotor stall
Lower collective, increase throttle, aft cyclic.
System malfunction
Can be avoided by the pilot if appropriate flying techniques are used.
Antitorque system failure
Reduce power to reduce main rotor torque.
Loss of tail rotor effectiveness
Tail rotor can’t provide enough force to stop the helicopter from spinning.
Apply forward cyclic to regain airspeed, apply right pedal
Main drive shaft or clutch failure
power is no longer provided to the main rotor and an autorotation must be initiated
Hydraulic Failure
breakdown of the hydraulic system
Make a shallow approach to a running or roll-on landing.
Governor or fuel control failure
Close throttle and enter an autorotation. lower and raise collective to maintain rotor RPM.
Abnormal Vibrations
With experience a pilot learns what vibrations are normal and those that abnormal.
Lost procedures
Circle- Fly in circles.
Climb- For better view, improved communication and nav reception, and terrain avoidance.
Communicate by calling the nearest FSS on 122.2, no response call nearest control tower, switch transponder to 7700 if all fails.
Confess your lost to ATC and request help.
Comply with controller instructions.
Inadvertent IMC
an unplanned transition from VFR to IFR
Prevention is the best recovery
Practicing power failure in a hover
also called hover auto
Pedal, settle, pull.
