Emergency Meds Flashcards
diphenhydramine/Benadryl
Class: antihistamines
Indications: Allergy symptoms
Side effects: drowsiness, dry mouth.
Routes: PO, Topical, IM IV
Antidote: hypertonic saline, physostigmine, sodium bicarbonate.
Contraindications: Acute asthma attacks.
Epinephrine
Class: anti-asthmatics, bronchodilators.
Indications: Severe allergic reactions.
Action: Bronchodilation, maintenance of HR and BP.
Side Effects: bronchospasm, nervousness, hypertension, tachycardia.
Routes: SUBQ, IM, IV, Inhaln, Topical.
Contraindication: Hypersensitivity.
Antidote: labetalol.
lorazepam/ Ativan
Class: anti-anxiety agents, sedative, benzodiazepine.
Indications: Anxiety Disorder, status epilepticus, preanesthetic.
Action: decreases anxiety, decreases seizures, sedation.
Side effects: apnea, cardiac arrest, dizziness, drowsiness, lethargy.
Route: IM, IV, PO
implementation: PO: tablet may be given sublingual for more rapid onset.
Antidote: Flumazenil.
alprazolam/ Xanax
Class: anti-anxiety agents, benzodiazepines.
Indications: generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, anxiety associated with depression.
Action: reduces anxiety
Side Effects: dizziness, drowsiness, lethargy.
Route: PO.
Implementation: PO: may be administered with food if GI upset occurs. Administer greatest dose at bed time.
levofloxacin/Levaquin
Class: Anti-infective, flouroquinolones.
Indications: UTI, pneumonia, bacterial prostatitis, bacterial bronchitis,
Action: kills bacteria cells.
Side Effects: elevated intracranial pressure, aortic aneurysm, seizures, suicidal thoughts, nausea.
Route: PO, IV
Implementation: PO: may be administered without regard to food.
Antidote: activated oral charcoal.
ketorolac/Toradol
Class: non-opioid analgesic, NSAIDS.
Indication: short term management of pain.
Action: decreases pain
Side Effects: MI, HF, Stroke, GI bleeding, SJS.
Route: PO, IM, IV, intranasal.
Implementation: should always be given initially by IM or IV.
hydromorphone/Dilaudid
Class: opioid analgesics, opioid agonists.
Indications: Moderate to severe pain.
Action: decreases pain
Side Effects: respiratory depression, confusion, sedation, constipation, hypotension.
Route: PO, IV, IM, SUBQ, Rectal.
Implementation: PO: May be administered with food or milk to minimize GI upset.
Antidote: narcan
Morphine
Class: opioid analgesics, opioid agonists.
promethazine/Phenergan
Class: anti-emetics, antihistamines, sedative, phenothiazines.
Indication: various allergic conditions, motion sickness, preoperative sedation, treatment or prevention of nausea and vomiting.
Action: relief of symptoms of histamine excess usually seen in allergic conditions, diminish nausea or vomiting, sedation.
Side Effects: confusion, sedation, disorientation.
Route: PO, IV, IM, Rectal
ondansetron/Zofran
Class: anti-emetics.
Indication: Nausea and vomiting.
Action: decreases incidence of nausea and vomiting.
Side Effects: Torsades De Pointes, SJS, serotonin syndrome, headache, constipation, diarrhea.
Route: PO, IV
Implementation: PO: for disintegrating tablet place on tongue.
Aspirin
Class: anti-platelet agents, antipyretic, nonopioid analgesics, salicylates, NSAIDS.
Indications: inflammatory disorders, mild to moderate pain, fever, prophylaxis of transient ischemic attacks or MI.
Action: analgesics, reduction of inflammation, reduction of fever, decreased incidence of transient ischemic attack or MI.
Side Effects: DRESS, GI Bleeding, dyspepsia, nausea, epigastric distress.
Route: PO, Rectal
Implementation: PO: administer after meals or with food or an antacid to minimize gastric irritation.
Diltiazem/Cardizem
Class: antianginals, anti arrhythmia, antihypertensive, calcium channel blockers.
Indication: hypertension, angina pectoris, Supra-ventricular tachyarrhythmia in atrial flutter or A-Fib.
Action: decreases BP, decreases angina, reduces ventricular rate.
Side Effects: arrhythmia, sJS, peripheral edema.
Route: PO, IV
Implementation: may be administered without regards to meals.
Nitroglycerin
Class: antianginals, nitrates.
Indication: angina pectoris, heart failure, MI.
Action: relieves angina attacks, increases cardiac output, decreases BP.
Side Effects: hypotension, tachycardia, dizziness, headache.
Route: translingual spray, sublingual, transdermal, Injection.
Implementation PO: administer dose 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals with full glass of water. SL: tablet should be held under the tongue. Translingual: spray under the tongue.
Tetanus Toxoid Tetanus/diphtheria toxoid
Indication: prevention of tetanus.
implementation: 3-4 injections
Antidote: none
Tuberculin protein purified derivative PPD
Indication: used to test for TB.
Monitoring: monitor the site where it was administered.
Implementation: administer transdermal.
Antidote: unknown
