emergency medicine test review Flashcards
two things to consider when you suspect victim has spine injury
- don’t move the patient
- may suspect permanent paralysis
compression to ventilation ratio for adults regardless If there is 1 or 2 rescuers
30:2
compression to ventilation ratio for child and infant with more than 1 rescuer
15:2
wound that consists of scrape of wearing away
abrasion
what is considered an adult
puberty and above
AED stand for, used for
Automatic external defibrillator, used for providing an electric shock to restore the normal electrical pattern and rhythm of the heart
wound that consists of pulling or tearing away of the skin
avulsion
CABD stand for
coronary artery bifurcation disease
what is considered a child
1 year- purberty
CPR stand for, used for
Cardio pulmonary recescitation, used to keep the patient alive if uncouncease and aren’t breathing
if you whiteness a person having a stroke, what medication do you give them
asprin
if skin comes in contact with poison, what do you wash it with
water
what disorder is characterized by abnormal electrical activity in the brain
epilepsy
if a victim has a spider or snake bite, what should you do to infected extremity?
remove the stinger, keep below the heart
what is shock and how should it be treated?
it is an inadequate blood supply to the body, improve patients circulation, keep them warm and avoid chilling, provide oxygen
what should you do if patient has a dislocation injury
stabilize the area, maintain vital signs, treat shock, call EMS
if alone, what should you do if an adult goes into cardiac arrest
call 911 first, then attempt CPR
surgical wound or cut
incision
what is considered and infant
birth- 1 year
deep cut or tear in the skin or flesh
laceration
where should hands be placed during CPR
center of the chest
what is the main goal for first aid for ingestion poisoning
prevent absorbtion
wounds that consist of a small entry hole caused by a pointed object
puncture
if you are alone with an unconscious child or infant with pre-existing heart conditions, what is your first course of action
call 911
what is a stroke, technical name
cerebrovascular accident, it occurs when there is bleeding in the brain or when blood flow to your brain is blocked
What does TBI stand for, 3 different ways it can occur
Traumatic brain injury, falling down, firearms, accident, car crash, getting hit
correct hand placement for CPR for an infant
2 fingers or 2 thumbs on the breast bone
4 methods for controlling bleeding
1.direct pressure
2.elevation
3. pressure on bandage
4.pressure on pressure points
most dangerous type on injury involving bones and joints
neck and spine injuries
signs of infection
F-fever
s-swelling
h-heat
a-ache
r-redness
p-puss
s-streaking
signs of a stroke
unsteady balance, eyes blurry, face drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty
2 things you can do for someone having a seizure
place on the side, place something under their head
2 medications to give to someone having a heart attack
- asprin
2.nitroglycerin
first priority when caring for minor wounds
prevent infection
first priority when caring for serious wounds
control bleeding
substance that binds to poison and halts absorption
activated charcoal
technique that should be performed when trying to save a choking infant
1.back blows
2.chest thrust
what an adult or child is choking what maneuver should be performed
heimlich menouver
when caring for a minor wound, what should you wash wound with
soap and water
where should a tourniquet be tied when trying to control bleeding
above the joint
where should your fist be placed when doing the heimlich maneuver
above umbilicus, below the ribs, above the belly button
asystole
no electrical system
arterial fibrillation
irregular rithym, no p waves
bradycardia
slow beats
tachycardia
fast beats
ventricular tachycardia
abnormal QRS complex and looks like zig zag line with no small lumps
ventricular fibrilation
looks like a bunch of tiny lumps that are irregular because of its irregular QRS complex without the big line.
