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Medical Nursing Midterm 1 > Emergency Medicine > Flashcards

Emergency Medicine Flashcards

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0
Q

Symptoms of Shock

A

Pale membranes
Weak pulse
Hypothermic
Increased HCT

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1
Q

Causes of Shock

A 
Decreased blood volume and pressure
Trauma 
Toxins
Sepsis 
Cardiac failure
Anaphylaxi
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2
Q

Treatment for Shock

A

Iv fluids
Keep warm
Corticosteroids

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3
Q

Causes of Hemorrhage

A

Trauma
Surgery
Toxicity (rat poison)
Organ rupture

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4
Q

Symptoms of Hemorrhage

A

Bleeding
Arterial cut
Venous dark slow
Shock

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5
Q

Treatment for Hemorrhage

A

Control bleeding
Bandages
Surgery

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6
Q

Causes of Wounds

A

Trauma

Abscess

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7
Q

Symptoms of Wounds

A

Open

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8
Q

Treatment for Wounds

A

Control hemorrhage
Clean flush
Surgery
Bandage

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9
Q

Causes of Heatstroke

A

Heat exposure
Caught in dryers
Left in cars

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10
Q

Pathophysiology of Heatstroke

A

Cellular necrosis and cerebral edema occurs following hyperthermia
107 temp

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11
Q

Symptoms of Heatstroke

A 
107 temp
Panting
Tachycardia
Brick red membranes 
Stupor
Seizers
V/D bloody
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12
Q

Treatment for Heatstroke

A 
Cool body
Ive fluids
Corticosteroids 
Mannitol
Lasix
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13
Q

Name the 3 classifications of Burns

A

1st- superficial
2nd-partial thickness
3rd degree-full thickness

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14
Q

What classifies a burn a superficial

A

Rapid healing
Epidermis layer
Erythematous

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15
Q

What classifies a burn as partial thickness

A

Heals slowly
Epidermis and dermis
SubQ edema

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16
Q

What classifies a burn as full thickness

A

Healing is slow
Skin grafts needed
Skin destroyed
Hair falls out

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17
Q

Causes of Burns

A

Thermal
Electrical
Chemical

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18
Q

What is thoracocentesis

A

Removing air or fluid from the chest cavity with a needle

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19
Q

What is Pleural effusion & what disease is it found in

A

Water like fluid found in heart disease

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20
Q

What is pneumothorax and what causes it

A

Air in the chest that can cause lungs to collapse due to loss of negative pressure caused by HBC, trauma,

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21
Q

What is pyothorax and what causes it

A

Pus in the chest caused by bite wound

22
Q

Diaphragmatic Hernia is

A

Liver, stomach and intestines enter the chest cavity due to a torn diaphragm

23
Q

Proptosis is

A

Proptosed globe of eye

24
Q

Schiff-sherrington posture causes

A

Front limb extension, rigid and hind leg paralysis, flaccid due to spinal cord fractures of L2-L4

25
Q

Name the general treatment steps taken for toxicity poisoning

A 
Gastric lavage or Induce vomit
Enema
Activated charcoal
Iv fluids
Antidote
26
Q

Snail bate is also known as

A

Metaldehyde Toxicity

27
Q

What is the action of Metaldehyde Toxicity

A

Effects neuromuscular junctions to cause muscle tremors and seizers

28
Q

Clinical signs for Metaldehyde Toxicity

A 
Anxiety
Ataxia 
Muscle tremors
Metabolic acidosis 
Hyperthermia
29
Q

Antidote for Metaldehyde Toxicity

A

Methocarbamol
Apomorphine
Xylazine for cats

30
Q

Actions for Organophosphate Toxicity

A

Inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity at the neuromuscular junction

31
Q

Organophosphate Toxicity results in

A

Excess acetylcholine and increase parasympathetic activity

32
Q

Clinical signs for Organophosphate Toxicity

A 
SLUD-salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation
Dyspnea
Muscle tremors
Depression
Death resp failure
33
Q

Antidote for Organophosphate Toxicity

A

Pralidoxime chloride or atropine

34
Q

Actions for Rodenticide Anticoagulant Toxicity

A

Inhibits the formation of vitK which causes the decrease of vitK coagulation factors 2,7,9,10 warfarin

35
Q

Clinical signs for Rodenticide Anticoagulant Toxicity

A 
Depression
Anemia
Hematuria
Nose bleed
Petechiations
Resp distress hemorrhage
36
Q

Antidote for Rodenticide Anticoagulant Toxicity

A

VitK

37
Q

Ethylene Glycol Toxicity is a toxin known as

A

Antifreeze

38
Q

Actions for Ethylene Glycol Toxicity

A

Metabolized by the liver and kidneys to toxic metabolites

39
Q

Glycoaldehyde is toxic to

A

CNS

40
Q

Glycolate causes

A

Acidosis

41
Q

Oxylates casues

A

Renal tubular necrosis and kidney failure

42
Q

Ethylene Glycol Toxicity occurs in 3 stages they are

A

Neurological signs
Cardiorespiratory
Renal signs

43
Q

Ethylene Glycol Toxicity in the neurological stage, what can be seen

A 
Depressiom
Seizures
Vomit
Anorexia 
PU/PD
Ataxia
44
Q

Ethylene Glycol Toxicity in the cardiorespiratory stage what can be seen

A

Tachypnea
Tachycardia
24-72hrs after ingestion

45
Q

Ethylene Glycol Toxicity in the renal stage what can be seen

A

V/D
Azotemia
Renal failure

46
Q

Antidote for Ethylene Glycol Toxicity

A

Ethanol IV
4-methylpyrazole
Not used in cats

47
Q

Prognosis for Ethylene Glycol Toxicity

A

Very poor

48
Q

Actions for Lead Toxicity

A

Interferes with hemoglobin synthesis and RBC destruction causing anemia

49
Q

Clinical signs for Lead Toxicity

A 
V/D
Anorexia
Abd pain
Ataxia
**Blindness
**Deafness
50
Q

Antidote for Lead Toxicity

A

Chelating agents
Ca EDTA
Penicillamine
Dimercaprol

51
Q

Actions for Strychinine

A

Inhibits postsynaptic junctions in the spinal cord and medulla

52
Q

Clinical signs for Strychinine

A 
Nervousness
Tonic-clonic seizures 
Muscle rigidity
Hypersensitivity to noise 
Death
53
Q

Antidote for Strychinine

A

Valium

Pentobarbital

Medical Nursing Midterm 1 (5 decks)

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