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Year 5 Core Conditions > Emergency - Level 1 > Flashcards

Emergency - Level 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of anaphylactic shock?

A
  • Anaphylaxis is generalised immunological condition of sudden onset, which develops after exposure to foreign substance
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2
Q

Mechanism of anaphylactic shock?

A

o Type 1 IgE mediated reaction which patient has been previously exposed
o Complement mediated
o Unknown

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3
Q

Pathology of anaphylactic shock?

A

o Mast cells and basophils release histamine, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, platelet activating factors

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4
Q

Causes of anaphylactic shock?

A

o Drugs and vaccines (Abx, penicillin, streptokinase, aspirin, suxamethonium, NSAIDs, IV contrast)
o Bee/Wasp sting
o Food (nuts, shellfish, strawberries, wheat)
o Latex
o Semen

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5
Q

Symptoms of anaphylactic shock - respiratory, skin, CV and GI?

A

Onset usually minutes/houra, prodrome of feeling impending doom may present

o Swelling of lips, tongue, pharynx and epiglottis – airway obstruction

o Dyspnoea, wheeze, chest tightness, hypoxia, hypercapnia

o Pruritus, erythema, urticaria, angio-oedema

o Vasodilation, increased vascular permeability – hypotension and shock

o Arrhythmias, ischaemic chest pain

o Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal cramps

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6
Q

ALS algorithm management for anaphylaxis - 1 - diagnosis?

A

o Acute onset
o Life-threatening ABC problems
 Airway: swelling, hoarseness, stridor
 Breathing: rapid breathing, wheeze, fatigue, cyanosis, SpO2 < 92%, confusion
 Circulation: pale, clammy, low blood pressure, faintness, drowsy/coma
o Usually skin changes

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7
Q

ALS algorithm management for anaphylaxis - 2 - ABCDE?

A

o Call for help
o Lie patient flat
o Raise patient’s legs

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8
Q

ALS algorithm management for anaphylaxis - 3 - 1st drug and dose?

A
  • Adrenaline
    o IM 1:1000 adrenaline (repeat after 5 mins if no better)
     Adults or child >12 years - 500mcg IM (0.5ml)
     Child 6-12 years – 300mcg (0.3ml)
     Child <6 years – 150mcg (0.15ml)
    o IV given by experienced specialists
     Titrate adults 50mcg, children 1mcg/kg
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9
Q

ALS algorithm management for anaphylaxis - 4 - when available?

A

o Establish airway

o High flow oxygen

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10
Q

ALS algorithm management for anaphylaxis - 5 - 3 other drug management?

A 
o	IV fluid challenge
o	Chlorphenamine (IM or slow IV)
o	Hydrocortisone (IM or slow IV)
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11
Q

Doses of IV fluids in anaphylaxis?

A

o IV fluid challenge
 500-1000ml - 0.9% saline bolus
 Child 20ml/kg – 0.9% saline bolus

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12
Q

Doses of chlorphenamine in anaphylaxis?

A 
o	Chlorphenamine (IM or slow IV)
	Adult or child > 12 years - 10 mg
	Child 6 - 12 years 5 mg
	Child 6 months to 6 years 2.5 mg
	Child less than 6 months 250 micrograms/kg
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13
Q

Doses of hydrocortisone in anaphylaxis?

A 
o	Hydrocortisone (IM or slow IV)
	Adult or child > 12 years - 200 mg
	Child 6 - 12 years - 100 mg 
	Child 6 months to 6 years - 50 mg
	Child less than 6 months - 25 mg
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14
Q

Monitoring in anaphylaxis?

A

o Pulse oximetry
o ECG
o BP

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15
Q

Further management in anaphylaxis?

A

o ICU – adrenaline, aminophylline and nebulised salbutamol may be needed

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16
Q

Management after emergency treatment of anaphylaxis?

A

Document time of reaction and triggers identified in notes

Mast Cell Tryptase ASAP & 2nd sample within 1-2 hours from onset of symptoms

Admission for children <16, observe adults for 6-12 hours

Refer to specialist allergy service
 Adrenaline injector as interim measure, teach how to use it
 Diagnostic, monitoring and management

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17
Q

Definition of SIRS?

A

o SIRS = 2 or more of:

 Temperature >38 or <36
 Tachycardia >90bpm
 RR >20 or PaCO2 <4.3kPa
 WBC >12x109/L or <4x109/L

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18
Q

Definition of sepsis?

A

 SIRS in presence of infection

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19
Q

Definition of severe sepsis?

A

 Sepsis with organ hypoperfusion or altered cerebral function

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20
Q

Definition of septic shock?

A

 Severe sepsis with hypotension (<90 SBP or MAP <65) despite adequate fluid resuscitation or requiring vasopressors

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21
Q

Pathology of sepsis?

A
  • Infection with any organism causes acute vasodilation from inflammatory cytokines
  • Increased risk in very young and older people, immunodeficient, long-term steroids, surgery within 6 weeks, indwelling catheters, pregnancy
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22
Q

Symptoms of sepsis?

A 
o	Warm, vasodilated (can be cold to touch)
o	Fever
o	Tachycardic
o	Tachypnoea
o	High WCC
o	Hypotension
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23
Q

Assessment of sepsis?

A

o Temperature, HR, RR, BP, level of consciousness and O2 sats
o CRT in children

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24
Q

Risk assessment of sepsis - moderate-to-high risk?

A 
	New-onset behaviour change
	Impaired immune system
	Trauma/surgery/invasive procedure in past 6 weeks
	RR 21-24
	HR 91-130 or new-onset arrhythmia
	BP 91-100
	Not passed urine for 12-18 hours
	Temperature <36
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25
Q

Risk assessment of sepsis - high risk?

A 
	New altered mental state
	RR >25
	New need for 40% O2 to maintain O2 sats >92%
	HR >130
	BP <90 or <40 below normal
	Not passed urine in previous 18 hours
	Mottled or ashen
	Cyanosis of lips or tongue
	Non-blanching skin rash
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26
Q

What is sepsis 6 bundle?

A 
o	Bloods &amp; cultures
o	Urine output
o	Fluids
o	Abx
o	Lactate
o	Oxygen
o	ABG
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27
Q

Initial management of sepsis?

A

o Get senior help
o Oxygen 15L/min - Targets 94-98% or 88-92%
o ABG if indicated
o IV access & Bloods – FBC, U&Es, CRP, clotting, glucose, VBG, 2 or more blood cultures
o Fluids IV 0.9% saline 500ml bolus (20ml/kg) - If no improvement, give second bolus
o Catheterise patient – measure urine output
o Antibiotics within 1 hour
 Adults - Tazocin 4.5g TDS <3 days then focus
 If child <17 – give IV ceftriaxone 80mg/kg OD
 If meningococcal disease: IM benzylpenicillin in community, IV ceftriaxone in hospital

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28
Q

What investigations to perform in sepsis to look for cause?

A

 Do blood & urine cultures, sputum cultures, CSF if suspected source of infection
 Consider urinalysis and CXR in all people
 Consider abdomen and pelvis CT if no source identified

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29
Q

CI of lumbar puncture in sepsis?

A
  • GCS<9 or drop of 3 points or more
  • Relative bradycardia and hypertension
  • Focal neurological signs
  • Abnormal posture
  • Unequal or poorly responsive pupils
  • Papilloedema
  • Shock
  • Extensive purpura
  • Platelets <100x109/L or anticoagulation
  • Local infection at lumber puncture site
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30
Q

When to perform lumbar puncture in sepsis?

A

• Infant <1 month, aged 1-3 months and unwell, aged 1-3 months with WCC <5x109/litre or >15

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31
Q

Monitoring in sepsis?

A

o Monitoring continuously or every 30 minutes if high/moderate risk
o Repeat BP and ABG after fluid challenge

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32
Q

Management after repeating BP and ABG after fluid challenge?

A

 Alert consultant if after 1 hour of Abx and fluids:
• Systolic BP <90
• Reduced consciousness
• RR>25
• Lactate not reduced by >20% within 1 hour

 If SPB<90 or lactate >4 then refer to critical care for central venous access and inotrope and vasopressors

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33
Q

What should be completed within 1 hours in surviving sepsis campaign?

A

 Lactate levels
 Blood Cultures
 Administer Abx
 Administer crystalloid fluids for hypotension or high lactate

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34
Q

What should be completed within 6 hours in surviving sepsis campaign?

A

 Vasopressors (for unresponsive hypotension) to maintain MAP >65mmHg
• Noradrenaline +/- adrenaline
 Measure CVP, central venous saturation and lactate if elevated

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35
Q

Definition of cardiogenic shock?

A
  • Failure of pump action of heart, resulting in decrease in cardiac output causing reduced end-organ perfusion
  • Leads to acute hypoperfusion and hypoxia of tissues/organs, despite adequate intravascular volume
  • Defined as:
    o Sustained hypoperfusion SBP<90 for >30 minutes
    o Tissue hypoperfusion (cold peripheries, oliguria <30ml/h or both)
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36
Q

Causes of cardiogenic shock - cardiac?

A 
	Myocardial Infarction (anterior wall)
	Arrhythmias
	Acute mitral regurgitation (due to ruptured papillary muscle/chordae tendinae)
	VSD
	HOCM
	Myocarditis
	Valve disease – AS, IE
	Aortic dissection
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37
Q

Causes of cardiogenic shock - other?

A 
	PE
	Pericardial tamponade
	Constrictive pericarditis
	Tension pneumothorax
	Sepsis
	Suppression of contractility - BB, acidosis, hypokalaemia, hyperkalaemia, hypocalcaemia
	Thyrotoxic crisis
38
Q

Symptoms of cardiogenic shock?

A 
o	Chest pain
o	N&amp;V
o	SOB
o	Profuse sweating
o	Confusion
o	Palpitations
o	Syncope
39
Q

Signs of cardiogenic shock?

A 
o	Pale, mottled skin with slow CRT and poor pulses
o	Hypotension
o	Tachy/Bradycardia
o	Raised JVP
o	Peripheral oedema
o	Quiet heart sounds
o	Bilateral basal crackles
o	Oliguria
o	Altered mental state
40
Q

Management of cardiogenic shock - ABCDE?

A

o A
 Oxygen – aim 94-98% (88-92% in COPD)

o B
 ABG, CXR

o	C
	BP &amp; CVP
	IV access – bloods – FBC, U&amp;E, troponin, glucose
	IV fluids 500ml
	ECG &amp; Echo
	Urinary Catheter

o Others
 CTPA if PE and stable

41
Q

Further management of cardiogenic shock?

A
  • Diamorphine 1.25-5mg IV for pain
  • Monitor CVP, BP, ABG, ECG, urine output
  • Correct arrhythmias, U&E abnormalities or acid-base disturbances
  • Optimise filling pressure:
    o If underfilled – give plasma expander 100ml every 15 mins IV (aim MAP 70mmHg, CVP 8-10mmHg)
    o If well/over-filled – Inotropics (dobutamine 2.5-10ug/kg/min IVI) Aim MAP 70mmHg
42
Q

What reversible causes to look for in cardiogenic shock?

A

o MI – acute angioplasty/thrombolysis
o PE – thrombolysis
o Surgery – VSD, Mitral or aortic incompetence

43
Q

Description of cardiac tamponade?

A

o Pericardial fluid collects – intrapericardial pressure rises – heart cannot fill – pumping stops

44
Q

Causes of cardiac tamponade?

A

o Trauma, lung/breast cancer, pericarditis, MI, TB, raised urea, dissecting aorta, coronary artery dissection, ruptured ventricle

45
Q

Signs of cardiac tamponade?

A

o Beck’s triad - Falling BP, rising JVP, muffled heart sounds
o Kussmaul’s sign – high JVP on inspiration
o Pulsus paradoxus

46
Q

Investigations of cardiac tamponade?

A

o Echo – diagnostic
o CXR – globular heart, left heart border convex or straight
o ECG – low QRS voltage, electrical alternans (consecutive, normally conducted QRS complexes vary in height)

47
Q

Management of cardiac tamponade?

A

o Senior help immediately
o Urgent pericardiocentesis
 Effusion sent for culture, ZN stain/TB culture, cytology
o Give O2, monitor ECG and set up IVI
o Take group and save as cardiac surgery may be indicated

48
Q

Description of hypovolaemic shock?

A
  • When volume of the circulatory system is too depleted to allow adequate circulation to the tissues of the body
49
Q

Causes of hypovolaemic shock?

A

o Bleeding – trauma, ruptured AAA, GI bleed

o Fluid loss – vomiting, burns, ‘third space’ losses, heat exhaustion

50
Q

Symptoms and signs of hypovolaemic shock?

A
  • Hypotension - SBP <90mmHg or MAP <65mmHg
  • Tachycardia >100bpm
  • Altered Consciousness
  • Cool peripheries
  • Clammy/Sweaty skin
  • Pallor
  • Increased cap refill time
  • Oliguria
  • Tachypnoea
51
Q

Classification of hypovolaemic shock?

A

o Class 1 <15% blood loss – physiological compensation and no clinical changes appear
o Class 2 15-30% blood loss – postural hypotension, generalised vasoconstriction, reduced urine output (20-30ml/h)
o Class 3 30-40% blood loss – hypotension, tachycardia >120bpm, urine output <20ml/h, patient confused
o Class 4 40% blood loss – unrecordable, tachycardia, tachypnoea, no urine output and unresponsive

52
Q

ABCDE management of hypovolaemic shock?

A

o Airway
 High-flow O2

o Breathing
 Monitor pulse, SpO2, BP, RR

o Circulation
 Venous access – 2 large bore cannulas in ACF
 Bloods – FBC, U&Es, glucose, LFT, lactate, coagulation screen, VBG
 ABG
 ECG and CXR
 Insert urinary catheter and monitor urine output hourly
 IV Saline 0.9% 500ml bolus +/- blood (according to aetiology and response)

53
Q

Further management of hypovolaemic shock?

A

 Stop bleeding

 ICU referral if no improvement with 2 boluses

54
Q

Descriptions of acute respiratory failure?

A
  • Results from acute or chronic impairment of gas exchange between lungs and blood
  • Type 1 (PaO2<8kPa with normal/low PaCO2)
  • Type 2 (PaO2 <8kPa with hypercapnia >6kPa)
55
Q

Causes of type 1 acute respiratory failure?

A
  • Type 1 (PaO2<8kPa with normal/low PaCO2)
	Pneumonia
	Pulmonary oedema
	PE
	Asthma
	Emphysema
	Pulmonary fibrosis
	ARDS
56
Q

Causes of type 2 acute respiratory failure?

A
  • Type 2 (PaO2 <8kPa with hypercapnia)
	Asthma
	COPD
	Pneumonia
	Pulmonary fibrosis
	Sedative drugs (opiates), CNS tumours
	Cervical cord lesions, GBS, myasthenia gravis
	Flail chest, kyphoscoliosis
57
Q

Symptoms and signs of acute respiratory failure?

A 
-	Hypoxia
o	SOB
o	Restlessness
o	Confusion
o	Cyanosis
  • Hypercapnia
    o Headache, peripheral vasodilation, tachycardia, bounding pulse, CO2 flap, confusion, drowsiness
58
Q

Investigations of acute respiratory failure?

A
  • O2 sats
  • Bloods
    o FBC, U&E, CRP
  • CXR
  • ABG
  • ECG
59
Q

Management of type 1 acute respiratory failure?

A

o Treat cause
o Oxygen given via face mask (35-60%)
 Aim 94-98%
o Assisted ventilation if PaO2 <8 despite 60% oxygen
 NIV (BiPAP or CPAP)
 Endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation

60
Q

Management of type 2 acute respiratory failure?

A

o Treat cause
o Controlled oxygen therapy (start at 24-28% O2 via Venturi mask, if critically unwell then give high-flow)
 Aim 88-92%
o Repeat ABG after 20 mins, increase oxygen or consider NIPPV if acidotic
o May need endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation

61
Q

Examples of TCAs?

A

o Amitriptyline, Lofepramine, imipiramine

62
Q

Mechanism of TCAs?

A

o Inhibit neuronal reuptake of serotonin (5-HT) and noradrenaline from the synaptic cleft
o Increase availability for neurotransmission
o Block muscarinic, histamine (H1), α-adrenergic (α1 and α2) and dopamine (D2) receptors – adverse effects

63
Q

Symptoms of TCA overdose?

A
  • Overdose symptoms
    o Tachycardia, dry skin, dry mouth, dilated pupils, urinary retention, ataxia, jerky movements and drowsiness
  • Unconscious patients
    o Divergent squints, increased muscle tone and reflexes, myoclonus
  • Deep coma
    o Muscle flaccidity with no reflexes and respiratory depression
64
Q

Investigations of TCA overdose?

A

o ECG
 Sinus tachycardia
 Increased PR interval, QRS duration, terminal R wave in aVR
 P wave superimposed on preceding T wave
 Severe poisoning may give ventricular arrhythmias and bradycardia

o Bloods
 Paracetamol levels
 FBC, U&Es, LFTs, INR, glucose

o ABG (if appropriate)

o ECG (if appropriate)

o TOXBASE used for managing drug overdose

65
Q

Initial management of TCA overdose?

A

o Clear airway and intubate/ventilate if necessary
o Observation continuously
o Monitor ECG and ABG in unconscious patient

66
Q

Medical management of TCA overdose?

A

o Activated Charcoal if >4mg/kg taken within 1h
o IV lorazepam or diazepam (if fits frequent and prolonged)
o Correct hypoxia and acidosis
 Sodium bicarbonate
 Oxygen
o Hypotension
 Elevate feet and IV fluids
 Glucagon/Dopamine if severe, not responding
o Intralipid for severe arrhythmias

67
Q

Management of benzodiazepines overdose?

A

o Flumazenil 200ug over 15s, then 100ug at 60s intervals

o Needs expert advice

68
Q

Features, ECG changes and management of Beta-blocker overdose?

A

o Features: Hypotension, cardiogenic shock, sinus bradycardia
o Late features: coma, cardiac arrest, convulsions
o ECG changes: prolonged QRS, ST and T wave abnormalties (sotalol prolongs QT)
o Antidote
 Atropine up to 3mg IV
 Glucagon 2-10mg IV bolus + 5% glucose then infusion
 May need pacing

69
Q

Physiology, symptoms and management of cyanide overdose?

A

o High affinity for Fe, inhibits cytochrome system and decreases aerobic respiration (acidotic with raised lactate)
o Mild: Dizziness, anxiety, tachycardia, nausea, drowsiness
o Moderate: Vomiting, reduced consciousness, convulsions, cyanosis
o Severe: Deep coma, fixed unreactive pupils, cardiorespiratory failure, arrhythmias
o Treatment
 100% O2
 GI decontamination <1hr ingestion
 Sodium nitrate/sodium thiosulfate 300mg IV over 1 min, then IV 50ml 50% glucose
 Hydroxocobalamin (Cyanokit) 5g over 15 min repeated once
 Senior help

70
Q

Symptoms and management of digoxin overdose?

A

o Symptoms: Decreased cognition, yellow-green visual halos, arrhythmias (prolonged QT)m nausea and anorexia

ECG in digoxin use - Downsloping ST depression, shortened QT, flattened/biphasic T wave

ECG in digoxin toxicity - Sinus bradycardia, AV block, premature PVCs, ventricular bi and trigeminy, slow AF

Treatment
	Activated charcoal
	Treat hypokalaemia
	Digoxin antibody fragments (DigiFab)
	Consult poisons information line
71
Q

Symptoms and management of ethylene glycol (antifreeze)?

A

o Features: Looks drunk, ataxia, dysarthria, nausea and vomiting, convulsions and coma
o Late Features: Hyperventilation, pulmonary oedema, tachycardia and arrhythmias
o Cardiac failure, AKI and hypocalcaemia occur
o Treatment
 Gastric lavage <1hr
 Toxbase/Poisons information services
 Observe for >6hr
 Fomepizole or ethanol
 Sodium bicarbonate to correct metabolic acidosis
 Calcium gluconate

72
Q

Symptoms and management of iron overdose?

A

o Features: Nausea and vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vomit and stool soften grey/black, convulsions, coma, metabolic acidosis, shock
o Treatment
 Gastric Lavage <1hr
 Desferrioxamine 15mg/kg/h IVI (max 80mg/kg/d)

73
Q

Symptoms and management of MDMA overdose?

A

o Effects: nausea, muscle pain, blurred vision, amnesia, fever, confusion and ataxia
o Late Effects: Tachyarrhythmias, hyperthermia, DIC, hyperkalaemia, AKI, muscle necrosis, ARDS
o Treatment
 Supportive
 Activated charcoal < 1h and monitor for >12 hours
 Anxiety: Diazepam PO/IV
 Metoproplol if narrow complex tachyarrhythmias
 Nifedipine for hypertension
 Cool down, dantrolene if T>39

74
Q

Description of delirium?

A
  • An acute, fluctuating syndrome of disturbed consciousness, attention, cognition and perception
  • Develops over hours to days
75
Q

Epidemiology of delirium?

A
  • General prevalence 0.5%
  • Most common acute disorder in hospital
  • > 50% occur after admission, common in surgical wards
76
Q

Pathology of delirium?

A

o Mechanisms including cholinergic deficiency, dopaminergic excess and inflammation

77
Q

Risk factors of delirium?

A 
o	Older age (>65 years)
o	Cognitive impairment
o	Comorbidities
o	History of alcohol excess
o	Sensory impairment
o	Poor nutrition
78
Q

Causes of delirium? CHIMPS PHONED

A 
Constipation
Hypoxia
Infection
Metabolic disturbance
Pain
Sleeplessness

Prescriptions
Hypothermia/pyrexia
Organ dysfunction (hepatic or renal impairment)
Nutrition
Environmental changes
Drugs (over the counter, illicit, recreational, their partner/neighbour/pets’, alcohol and smoking)

79
Q

Subtypes of delirium?

A

o Hyperactive delirium
• Inappropriate behaviour, hallucinations, agitation, restlessness

o Hypoactive delirium
• Lethargy, reduced concentration, appetite, quiet and withdrawn

o Mixed delirium
• Symptoms of both hyperactive and hypoactive

80
Q

Symptoms of delirium?

A

Cognitive functions
• Poor concentration, slowed responses, confusion, disorientated, sleep-cycle disturbances (such as daytime drowsiness, night-time insomnia, disturbed sleep, or complete sleep cycle reversal)

Perception
• Visual or auditory hallucinations, delusions

Physical function
• Reduced mobility, reduced movement, restlessness, agitation, changes in appetite, fluctuating behaviours

Social behaviour
• Lack of cooperation, withdrawal, alteration in mood/attitude

81
Q

Assessment of delirium?

A
  • Cognitive Assessment

o AMTS, MOCA

82
Q

Investigations of delirium?

A

AMTS

NEWS Score

Bloods
o FBC, U&Es, LFTs, TFTs, glucose, CRP, ESR, Ca, folate, B12, INR
o Cultures (if sepsis)

ECG

Urine Dipstick

Imaging
o CT, CXR, LP

83
Q

When to assess risk of delirium?

A 
People at risk:
•	Age >65
•	Cognitive impairment and/or dementia
•	Current hip fracture
•	Severe illness
Assess for indicators
Cognition/concentration
84
Q

How to diagnose delirium?

A

Use Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) (1, 2 & 3/4 present)

  1. Acute onset and fluctuating course
  2. Inattention – easily distracted or difficulty focusing
  3. Disorganised thinking – disorganised, incoherent, rambling, illogical, unpredictable
  4. Altered level of consciousness - vigilant (hyper-alert), lethargic (drowsy, easily aroused), stupor (difficult to arouse), or
    coma (unarousable)
85
Q

Supportive care in delirium?

A

o Avoid moving wards
o Appropriate lighting, clear signage, clock and calendar
o Re-orientate them
o Prevent dehydration, nutritional needs
o Mobilise regularly
o Sleep hygiene
o Discouraging napping and encouraging bright light exposure in the daytime

86
Q

Drug management of delirium?

A

Treat underlying cause

For agitation when verbal or non-verbal de-escalation failed
• Haloperidol oral, IV, IM 0.5mg in elderly (first line)
• Lorazepam 0.5mg IV (can be used but only after APs)

87
Q

Complications of delirium?

A

o Increased mortality, length of hospital stay
o Increased incidence of dementia
o Falls, pressure sores, continence problems
o Malnutrition
o Functional impairment

88
Q

Features of hypovolaemic shock?

A

Decreased CO
Increased SVR

Hypotension, tachy, low UO, pale, weak pulse

89
Q

Features of cardiogenic shock?

A

Decreased CO
Increased SVR

Hypotension, tachy, low UO, pale, weak pulse, crackle on lungs

90
Q

Features of neurogenic shock?

A

Decreased CO
Decreased arterial and SVR

Hypotension, Bradycardic, Warm & dry skin

91
Q

Features of anaphylactic shock?

A

Decreased CO
Decreased SVR

Features of anaphylaxis

92
Q

Features of septic shock?

A

Decreased CO
Decreased SVR

Pink, warm and flushed skin, hypotension, tachy, full bounding pulse

Year 5 Core Conditions (55 decks)

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