Emergency

Question 1

weight estimation

Answer 1

2 x (yrs +4)

Question 2

Adrenaline dose children

Answer 2

<6yrs 0.15ml
6-12yrs 0.3ml
>12yrs 0.5ml
of adrenaline 1:1000

Question 3

Hydrocortisone dose children

Answer 3

<6m - 25mg
6m-6yrs- 50mg
6-12yrs- 100mg
>12yrs - 200mg

Question 4

Chlorphenamine dose children

Answer 4

<6m 2.5ug/kh
6m-6yrs 2.5mg
6-12yrs 5mg
>12 yrs 10mg

Question 5

Anaphylaxis treatment

Answer 5

Adrenaline 1:1000
IV fluid 20ml/kg bolus 
chrolphenamine 
hydrocortisone 
\+/- salbutamol 
monitor sats, ECG, BP

Question 6

Anaphylaxis after care

Answer 6

admission

mast cell tryptase during and 1-2 hours after

Question 7

Status epilepticus: seizure duration

Answer 7

> 30 mins continuous or intermittent without full recovery of consciousness

Question 8

Status epilepticus management

Answer 8

lorazepam IV/ buccal midazolam/ rectal diazepam x2
phenytoin
phenobarbitone
RSI

Question 9

Energy estimation: child

Answer 9

4 joules/kg

Question 10

Lorazepam dose children

Answer 10

0.1mg/kg

Question 11

Glucose dose children

Answer 11

5ml/kg of 10% dextrose

Question 12

Salicylates OD consequences

Answer 12

1. Resp. alkalosis (Resp stimulation and urinary loss of NaCL)
2. Metabolic acidosis- urinary exchange of H for K, accumulation of acids + dehydration -> paradoxical acuduria

Question 13

Salicylates OD management

Answer 13

ABC, activated charcoal
sodium bicarbonate -> urina alkalization
haemodialysis

Question 14

Lead poisioning symptoms

Answer 14

hyper irritability, apathy 
clolicky abdo pain, vomiting, constipation 
anaemia 
behavioural problems 
seizures 
ataxia

Question 15

Iron OD causes

Answer 15

D&V, haematemasis, malena, gastric ulceration
then period of improvement
then drowsiness, coma, shock, liver failure w/ hypoglycaemia and convulsions
metabolic acidosis (radicals)

Question 16

Iron OD management

Answer 16

IV desferoxamine

chelates iron

Question 17

Organophosphorus pesticides OD MOA

Answer 17

inhibits acetylcholinesterase

-> ACh accumulation

Question 18

Organophosphorus pesticides OD effects

Answer 18

Cholinergic effect: salivation, lacrimation, urination, D&V, muscle weakness, cramps, paralysis,
Bradycardia
Hypotension
CNS: seizures, coma

Question 19

Organophosphorus pesticides OD Rx

Answer 19

atropine

pralidoxime

Question 20

Meningitis causes: neonates

Answer 20

Group B strep
Listeria monocytogens
E. coli

Question 21

Meningitis causes: infants and young children

Answer 21

Nisteria Meningitidis
Strep. pneumoniae
HiB

Question 22

Meningitis causes: >12 yrs

Answer 22

N. Meningitidis

Strep. pneumonia

Question 23

Suspected meningitidis management

Answer 23

Benzylpenicilin

Question 24

Meningococal septicaemia management

Answer 24

cefotaxime/ cetriaxone
dexamethasone
+/- mannitol

Question 25

CT head indications children

Answer 25

NAI suspected 
post-traumatic seizure 
GCS <14 initially or <15 at 2hrs 
?skull fracture 
focal near signs 
<1yr with a bruise/ swelling >5cm on the head

Question 26

Superficial burn management

Answer 26

simple exposure

Question 27

Partial thickness (into dermis, painful) management

Answer 27

clean + dressing

Question 28

Partial thinckess (through dermis) and full thickness management

Answer 28

debridement and skin grafting

specialist burns centre

Question 29

Specialist burns centre indications

Answer 29

> 5% SA affected

Deep partial thickness and full thickness burns