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Block 1-Anatomy > Embryology: Germ Layers > Flashcards

Embryology: Germ Layers Flashcards

1
Q

Label the following image

A

a. Zygoye
b. fertilized egg
c. Cleavage
d. Morula
e. Blasttula Embryoblast
f. 2 layer embryo

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2
Q

How many weeks after ferlization foes the cell become the blastula/embyoblast? when does the 2 layer embryo form?

A
  • Week 1
  • Week 2
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3
Q

when does gastrulation occur?

A

week 3

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4
Q

what major events happen during this phase of embrology?

A

Folding, migration, growth, differentiation

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5
Q

Label the diagram

A

a. coelom
b. yolk sac
c. somatic LPM
d. Nerve tube
e. notochord
f. coelom

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6
Q

Label the diagram of the Bilaminar Germ Disc

A
  1. Bilaminar Germ Disc
  2. Developing Mouth
  3. Primitive Streak
  4. Epiblast
  5. Hypoblast
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7
Q

The epiblast cells migrate through the __________ to form which germ layers

A
  • Primitive Streak
  • to form all 3 germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm)
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8
Q

Label this diagram of gastrulation (3 layer embryo)

A
  1. Developing Mouth
  2. Migrating Epiblast
  3. Primitive Streak
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9
Q

Is this step gastrulation or neurolation?

A

gastrulation

no notochord formation

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10
Q

Label this diagraph of neurulation

A

a. Notochord induces neural folds
b. head
c. tail
d. primitive node
e. primitive streak

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11
Q

Label the following diagram

A
  1. Neural Folds
  2. Future Neural Crest
  3. Future neural tube
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12
Q

the surface ectoderm becomes the _______

A

skin

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13
Q

At the end of neuralation ______folding start forming

A

lateral

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14
Q

label the following diagram

A
  1. paraxial mesoderm
  2. intermediate mesoderm
  3. somatic laterial mesoderm (L.P.M)
  4. Splanchnic L.P.M
  5. Cardiac Tubes
  6. Notochord Acial Mesoderm
  7. Coelom
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15
Q

______becomes the surface epithelium and neural tissue

A

Ectoderm

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16
Q

______becomes the epithelium

A

endoderm

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17
Q

______becomes all muscles and connective tissues, and some epithelia

A

mesoderm

18
Q

Label the following diagram

A
  1. neural tube and crest
  2. paraxial
  3. Intermediate
  4. lateral plate: arms (somatic and splanchnic)
  5. somatic
  6. splanchnic
  7. embryonic coelom
  8. ectoderm
  9. endoderm tube
19
Q
A

This is a cross-section of germ layers as embryonic folding occurs

20
Q

Label this longitudinal section of the germ layers

A
  1. ectoderm
  2. neuroectoderm
  3. endoderm
  4. mesoderm
21
Q

the head to tail folding that occurs during embryonic folding at week 4 is called________

A

cephalocaudal folding

22
Q

What is embryonic folding?

A

formation of the gut and coelomic cavity

23
Q

which tissue can arise from all 3 germ layers?

A

epithelia

24
Q

connective tissue with the exception of the neural crest arises from _______

A

mesoderm

25
Q

Hair, fingerniail, tooth enamel, aweat glands, mammary glands arise from the _______

A

surface ectoderm

26
Q

What is the neural tube?

A

all the CNS (neurons and glial cells)

ectoderm

acons of motor neurons w/ cell bodies in the CNS

27
Q

What are the characteristics of the NCC?

A
  • neurons w/ their cell bodies in the PNS, glial cells ofthe PNS (sensory neurons)
  • melanocytes in skin (pigment)
  • connective tissues in the head region-ectoderm (not mesoderm)
  • Ectoderm derived
  • forms: tooth dentine, adrenal medulla, great vessels of the heart
28
Q

failure of the ______migration can expalin the association of certain congenital anomalies (i.e. cleft palate and heart defects)

A

NCC

29
Q

Ectoderm

A

Surface ectoderm

neural tube

NCC-migrate all over the body

30
Q

Mesoderm

A
  • intermediate mesoderm
  • lateral plate mesoderm
    • somatic L.P.M
  • Splanchnic L.P.M
  • Axial mesoderm
  • paraxial mesoderm
    • sclerotome
    • dermatome
    • myotome
      • epimere
      • hypomere
31
Q

Intermediate mesoderm

A

forms most of the urogenital system: kidneys, gonads, and ducts (not urinary bladder)

32
Q

Somatic L.M.P

A

outer tube conenctive tissues, blood vessels, smooth muscle

parietal peritoneum, parietal pleura, and parietal pericardium

33
Q

Splanchnic lateral plate mesoderm

A
  • inner tube connective tissues, blood vesels, smooth muscle
  • visceral peritoneum, visceral pleura, visceral pericadium mesenteries
  • heart and great vessels (w/ small contribution from neural crest)
34
Q
A
35
Q

what does the axial mesoderm later form?

A

notochord

36
Q

what does the paraxial mesoderm later form?

A

somites (segmented)

37
Q

what does the sclerotome of the paraxial mesoderm form?

A

vertebrae and ribs

38
Q

what does the sclerotome fo the paraxial mesoderm later form?

A

dermis of the skin

some (ventral) from the somatic L.P.M

39
Q

what does the myotome of the parazial mesoderm form?

A

all of the striated skeletal muscle

40
Q

what does the epimere of the epaxial muscle form?

A

all of the deep, midline, muscles of the back *served by muscle RAMI (nerve) of spinal nerves

41
Q

what does the hypomere fo the myotome of the paraxial mesoderm form?

A

hypoxial muscel (all other muscle)

42
Q

Endoderm

A

Forms epithelia fo the gut tube & epithelia of gut tube derivatives such as lungs trachea, liver, pancreas, and urinary bladder

Block 1-Anatomy (5 decks)

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