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Step 1 Respiratory-First Aid 2017 > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

Stages of lung development

A

Embryonic, Pseudoglandular, Canalicular, Saccular, Alveolar

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2
Q

Embryonic stage weeks of development

A

4-7 weeks

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3
Q

Initial week of lung bud development from respiratory diverticulum

A

Week 4

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4
Q

Pseudoglandular stage weeks of development

A

5-17 weeks

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5
Q

Errors in this stage can lead to tracheoesophageal fistula

A

Embryonic stage

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6
Q

Canalicular stage weeks of development

A

16-25 weeks

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7
Q

Stage airways increase in diameter and respiration capable

A

Canalicular stage

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8
Q

Saccular stage weeks of development

A

Week 26-birth

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9
Q

Number of alveoli at birth

A

20-70 million

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10
Q

Leads to increased vascular resistance through gestation

A

Aspiration and expulsion of amniotic fluid

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11
Q

Process that leads to adult alveoli from terminal sacs

A

Secondary septation

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12
Q

Stage terminal sacs separated by primary septation

A

Saccular stage

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13
Q

Stage terminal bronchioles develop

A

Pseudoglandular stage

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14
Q

Stage of lung development characterized by secondary septation

A

Alveolar stage

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15
Q

Stage pneumocytes develop

A

Saccular

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16
Q

Pulmonary hyperplasia resulting from diaphragmatic hernia typically occurs on what side of diaphragm

A

Left side

17
Q

Bilateral renal agenesis results in what pulmonary condition

A

Pulmonary hypoplasia

18
Q

Caused by abnormal budding of the foregut and dilation of terminal or large bronchi

A

Bronchogenic cysts

19
Q

Discrete, round, sharply defined, fluid filled densities on CXR causing airway compression or recurrent pulmonary infections

A

Bronchogenic cysts

20
Q

Non-ciliated, low-columnar/cuboidal cells with secretory granules located in small airways

A

Clara cells

21
Q

Function of Clara cells

A

Secrete component of surfactant, degrade toxins, reserve cells

22
Q

Law of Laplace

A

P = 2(surface tension)/radius

23
Q

Type of epithelium on type 1 pneumocytes

A

Squamous epithelium

24
Q

Week surfactant synthesis begins

A

Week 26

25
Q

Week mature levels of surfactant achieved

A

Week 35

26
Q

Respiratory cells that proliferate in presence of toxins

A

Clara cells

27
Q

Function of surfactant

A

Prevent collapse of alveoli during exhalation

28
Q

Surfactant deficiency treatment before birth

A

Maternal steroids

29
Q

Surfactant deficiency treatment after birth

A

Exogenous surfactant to infant

Step 1 Respiratory-First Aid 2017 (5 decks)

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