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Reproductive System Anat - OSPE 3 > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main embryological origin of the reproductive system?

A

Mesonephron

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2
Q

What is the main embryological origin of the urinary system?

A

Metanephron

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3
Q

What are the mesonephron parts?

A

Mesonephric tubules

Mesonephric ducts

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4
Q

What is the embryological origin of the gonads?

A

Gonadal ridge

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5
Q

What is the embryological origin of the germ cells? How do they get there?

A

Primordial germ cells travel from the yolk sac to the primitive sex tubules.

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6
Q

How does the paramesonephric duct come to be?

A

Invagination of the epithelium of the mesonephros

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7
Q

What does the mesonephron develop into embryologically?

A
  1. Indifferent gonads
  2. Mesonephric duct (Wolffian duct)
  3. Paramesonephric duct (Mullerian duct)
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8
Q

What is the embryological origin of the testes?

A

Indifferent gonads

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9
Q

What is the embryological origin of the vas deferens?

A

Mesonephric duct

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10
Q

What is the embryological origin of the seminal vesicles?

A

Mesonephric duct

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11
Q

What is the embryological origin of the epididymis?

A

Mesonephric duct

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12
Q

What is the embryological origin of the prostate?

A

Urogenital sinus

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13
Q

What is the embryological origin of the urethra?

A

Urogenital sinus

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14
Q

What is the embryological origin of the ovaries?

A

Indifferent gonads

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15
Q

What is the embryological origin of the fallopian tube?

A

Paramesonephric duct

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16
Q

What is the embryological origin of the uterus?

A

Paramesonephric duct

17
Q

What is the embryological origin of the cervix?

A

Paramesonephric duct

18
Q

What is the embryological origin of the vagina?

A

Upper vagina: Paramesonephric duct

Lower vagina: Urogenital sinus

19
Q

Describe the role of the Y chromosome in differentiating gonads - SRY and TDF effects.

A
  1. SRY region codes for TDF (testes determining factor)
  2. Primordial supporting cells express SRY
    3a. TDF causes indifferent gonads to develop into testes
    3b. Sertoli cells are developed.
  3. Sertoli cells secrete Mullerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS)
    5a. MIS causes paramesonephric duct to degenerate
    5b. MIS causes development of Leydig cells from mesenchyme, which produce testosterone and develop external male genitalia.
20
Q

Where do the tubular components of the female reproductive traits come from?

A

Paramesonephric duct

21
Q

What is the vertebral level of the testes (embryologically)

A

T10

22
Q

What is the vertebral level of the ovary?

A

T10

23
Q

Route of the round ligament?

A

Round ligament will go through inguinal canal and attach to labia majora.

24
Q

Types of cryptorchidism?

A

Undescended testes
Retractile testes
Ectopic
Absent

25
Q

Complications of cryptorchidism?

A

Testicular torsion
Malignant changes
Infertility

26
Q

Management of cryptorchidism?

A

Orchidoplexy

27
Q

Different remnants of mesonephric duct?

A

Epoophron
Paraoophron
Gartner’s cyst

28
Q

Different types of anomalies of the paramesonephric duct?

A

Complete duplication - 2 uterus, 2 vagina
Septate uterus - septum in the middle of uterus
Bicornuate uterus - deep invagination of fundus of uterus
Arcuate uterus - slight invagination of fundus of uterus

Reproductive System Anat - OSPE 3 (6 decks)

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