Embryology Flashcards
Early development of msk development begins
Near end of 4th Week
Activation of mesenchymal cells in ask development happens where
Somatic Lateral Mesoderm
What happens in Day 24 of MSK Development
Upper Limb Bud Appears
What happens if you remove Hoxa 11 and Hoxd 11 genes in MSK Development
Radius and ulna do not develop
Limb buds elongate by
proliferation of mesenchyme
Upper limb buds develop opposite
Caudal Cervical Segments
Lower lim buds form opposite
Lumbar and Sacral Segments
At apex of each limb bud the ectoderm thickens to form
apical ectodermal ridge
By the end of what week mesenchymal tissue in hand plates have condensed to form digital rays
6th week
During what week digital rays are formed in foot plates
7th Week
Primary centres of ossification in MSK appear in weeks
8-12 Weeks
Which bone does not go through endochondrial ossification
Clavicle
Upper limbs rotate by how many degrees laterally in msk development
90 Degrees
Extensors in MSK embryology are on which surfaces in the. end
Lateral and Posterior
Lower Limbs rotate by how many degrees medially so extensors are on anterior surface
90 Degrees
Thumb is on which surface in msk development
Lateral
Big toe is on what surface in embryology development
Medial
During the 5th Week, Peripheral nerves grow from what into mesenchyme of limbs
Developing Limb Plexus
What is Amelia in Birth Defects of Limbs
Total Absence
What is Meromelia in birth defects of limbs
Partial Absence
What is Phocomelia in birth defects of limbs
Some long bone absence
Lobster claw foot can be inherited as
Autosomal Dominant Trait
Critical period of limb development
24-36 days after fertilisation
What is polydactyly
Presence of more than 6 digits on hand or feet
What is syndactyly
Common birth defect of hand or foot
What is cutaneous syndactyly
Webbing between digits and more frequent in foot than hand
What is osseous syndactyly?
Fusion of bones
What can Thalidomide do?
Cause absence or deformity of long bones in sensitive period 4-8 weeks
What is congenital clubfoot also known as
Tapes Equniovarus
What happens to foot position in congenital clubfoot
Sole of foot is turned medially and foot inverted
How does developmental dysplasia of hip happen
Abnormal development of acetabulum
How does developmental dysplasia of hip happen
Abnormal development of acetabulum
Generalised Joint Laxity is associated with
Congenital Dislocation of Hip
