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EMBRYOLOGY MIDTERM > EMBRYOGENESIS > Flashcards

EMBRYOGENESIS Flashcards

1
Q

it is the formation of body structure and organs

A

embryogenesis

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2
Q

production of great variety of cell type and extracellular product is through?

A
  • cell division
  • cell differentiation
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3
Q

this results from cells expressing some genes and suppressing others within a common genome

A

cell differentiatiom

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4
Q

Time frame of the embryonic period

A

fertilization to earliest stage of organ devt.

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5
Q

time frame of fetal period

A

embryonic period to parturition

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6
Q

a series of mitotic division where large zygote id fractionated to many normal sized cells

A

cleavage

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7
Q

where does the cleavage begins?

A

zygote

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8
Q

term for the daughter cell resulting from cleavage

A

blastomere

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9
Q

T/F

blastomere are equal in size

A

False

unequal

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10
Q

A solid ball pf blastomeres within the ZP

A

Morula

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11
Q

how many blastomere does the morula have?

A

16-64

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12
Q

time of the 1st cleavage division (days)

A

1-5 days post ovulation

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13
Q

time frame of subsequent division of the 1st cleavage division

A

once every 12 hours

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14
Q

how many blastomeres are needed for embryo production?

A

approx 3 inner blastomere

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15
Q

they have identical potential in dom. mammals

A

First 8 blastomere

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16
Q

what stage of blastomere is differentiated into inner and outer cells?

A

more than 8 blastomere stage

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17
Q

what are the three types of twinning?

A
  • monozygotic
  • dizygotic
  • polar body twins
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18
Q

they have the same chromosome or genetic composition

A

monozygotic t

19
Q

What are the mechanism of monozygotic twins

A
  1. separation of early blastomere (8 cell)
  2. separation of inner blastomere in a single morula
20
Q

type of monozygotic twin according to sharing of placenta:

separate placenta

A

Dichorionic twins

21
Q

type of monozygotic twin according to sharing of placenta:

share placenta

A

monochorionic

22
Q

type of monozygotic twin according to sharing of placenta:

twin to twin tranfusion

A

complication twins

23
Q

type of monozygotic twin according to sharing of placenta:

anomalies due to the separation in embryo

A

diplopagus/ conjoined/ siamese

24
Q

this twinning is composed of 2 genetically diff ova that is fertilized by 2 genetically different sperm

A

Dizygotic

25
Q

twinning where ovum and 2nd polar body are fertilized

A

polar body twins

26
Q

they have same gene from mother but different genes from father

A

polar body twins

27
Q

morula stage that forms gap junction

A

inner blastomere

28
Q

morula stage that forms tight junction

A

outer blastomere

29
Q

outer blastomere becomes?

A

trophoblast - chorion & amnion

30
Q

outer blastomere leave the uterine tube at 16 cell stage during what days?

A

4-7 days post fertilization

31
Q

how many cell stage during the 5-7 days post fertilization?

A

32 cell stage

32
Q

when does the blastocyst start?

A

2nd week, when ZP ruptures

33
Q

during this, embryo is suitable for implantation

A

blastulation or blastocyst

34
Q

the term referred to the fluid filled cavity during blastocyst

A

blastocoele

35
Q

this prevents free exchange of fluid between inside and outside of embryo

A

tight junction

36
Q

this permit exchange of ion and small molecules between cells

A

gap junction

37
Q

Classification of egg cells according to amount of yolk:

very small amount

A

microlecithal

38
Q

Classification of egg cells according to amount of yolk:

moderate amount

A

mesolecithal

39
Q

Classification of egg cells according to amount of yolk:

large amount

A

macrolecithal

40
Q

Classification of egg cells according to distribution of yolk:

even and is holoblastic

A

isolecithal

41
Q

Classification of egg cells according to distribution of yolk:

concentrated in one side and is meroblastic

A

telolecithal

42
Q

pole with more yolk

A

vegetal pole

43
Q

pole with less yolk

A

animal pole

EMBRYOLOGY MIDTERM (6 decks)

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