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General Microscopic Anatomy and Embryology > Embryogenesis > Flashcards

Embryogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

the development during the first eight weeks after fertilization

A

EMBRYOGENESIS

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2
Q

What are the stages in Early Embryogenesis (1st to 4th week)

A

Germinal Stage
Gastrulation
Neurulation

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3
Q

What are the stages in Late Embryogenesis (5th to 8th week)

A

Organogenesis

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4
Q

What are parts of egg cell?

A

Corona radiata
Zona pellucida
Follicular/Granulosa Cell

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5
Q

What are the parts of sperm cell?

A

Tail
Midpiece
Head

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6
Q

Location of mitchondria in Sperm Cell

A

Mitochondria = Midpiece

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7
Q

What do you call the enzyme found in sperm cell?

A

Acrosome

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8
Q

Sperm cell + Egg cell = ?

A

Zygote

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9
Q

What are the stages in germinal stage?

A
  1. Fertilization
  2. Cleavage
  3. Blastulation
  4. Implantation
  5. Embryonic disc formation
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10
Q

Stage where it is resulting to a zygote
(single diploid cell)

A

Fertilization

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11
Q

Movement of cell or bacterium

A

Chemotaxis

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12
Q

What are the processes in fertilization?

A

Chemotaxis

AH ZIGE PA CONTI NA LANG
- Acrosomal reaction
- Zona reaction
- Cortical reaction

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13
Q

What process does follicular/granulosa will release its granules?

A

Cortical Reaction

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14
Q

What is the cell type and cell number of a zygote?

A

Single cell
Single Type

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15
Q

slow process of cell division (about 12 to 24 hrs for each division)

A

Cleavage

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16
Q

dividing cells that are still enclosed by zona pellucida

A

Blastomeres

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17
Q

16 to 32 blastomeres

A

Morula

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18
Q

Blastopheres start to bind firmly together (Compaction)

A

Morula

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19
Q

What is cell type and cell number of Morula?

A

Multicellular
Monotype

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20
Q

Process of forming blastocyst

A

Blastulation

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21
Q

What are the processes under Blastulation?

A

Differentiation
Cavitation
Blastocyst increase in size

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22
Q

Outer layer cells in blastulation

A

Trophoblast

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23
Q

Outer layer cells in blastulation

A

Trophoblast

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24
Q

Inner layer cells in blasulation

A

Embryoblast

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25
Q

Process where embryoblast polarize at one end resulting to a blastocele

A

Cavitation

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26
Q

Process where embryoblast polarize at one end resulting to a blastocele

A

Cavitation

27
Q

What type of cell does blastula has?

A

Bi-type of cell

28
Q

What type of cell does blastula has?

A

Bi-type of cell

29
Q

What cell is for future placenta?

A

Trophoblast

30
Q

What do you call the cavity in Blastula?

A

Blastocoel/Blastocele

31
Q

What do you call the cavity in Blastula?

A

Blastocoel/Blastocele

32
Q

Stage where trophoblast implants the blastocyst in the decidual epithelium (lining of uterus)

A

Implantation (nidation)

33
Q

Other term for implantation

A

Nidation

34
Q

Site of fertilization

A

Ampulla of Fallopian tube

35
Q

Production of Human Chorionic Gonatrophin will result in?

A

Increase in progesterone

36
Q

Increase in progesterone during implantation will result in?

A

Thickening of lining of blood vessel

37
Q

It is responsible for nutrient and gas exchange in the human placenta. It also forms when human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) differentiate to trophoblast.

A

syncytiotrophoblast

38
Q

Are the least differentiated trophoblastic cells and are the progenitors of syncytiotrophoblasts

A

Cytotrophoblasts

39
Q

How many cells are there during Embryonic Disc Formation?

A

4 cells.
Trophoblast
Epiblast
Hypoblast

40
Q

How many cells are there during Embryonic Disc Formation?

A

4 cells.
Trophoblast
Epiblast
Hypoblast

41
Q

two-layered structure

A

bilaminar embryonic disc

42
Q

involves the movement of epiblast
cells and results in the formation of
three distinct germ layers that
eventually give rise to the many
body structures.

A

Gastrulation Stage

43
Q

re-organizes the 2-layer embryo (bilaminar disc) into a 3-layer embryo (trilaminar disc)

A

Gastrulation Stage

44
Q

a 3-layer embryo

A

(trilaminar disc)

45
Q

thickened line formed by proliferating cells of the epiblast that migrate toward the center and the caudal end of the disk

A

Primitive Streak

46
Q

Stage where the ectoderm gives rise to epithelial and neural tissue

A

Neurulation Stage

47
Q

refers to this folding process whereby the
neural plate is transformed into the neural
tube, and this takes place during the fourth
week.

A

Neurulation Stage

48
Q

Stage where mesoderm are spreading and there is amniotic sac enlargement

A

Neurulation Stage

49
Q

Stage where mesoderm are spreading and there is amniotic sac enlargement

A

Neurulation Stage

50
Q

Neural plate will become?

A

Nervous System

51
Q

Notochord will become?

A

Vertebrae

52
Q

Neural crest will become?

A

PNS

53
Q

Neural tube will become?

A

CNS

54
Q

Which derm outermost layer of skin originated?

A

Ectoderm

55
Q

What derm Central and peripheral nervous system originated?

A

Ectoderm

56
Q

Which derm does eyes, inner ears originated?

A

Ectoderm

57
Q

Which derm does eyes, inner ears originated?

A

Ectoderm

58
Q

Which derm does facial bones, tooth enamel originated?

A

Ectoderm

59
Q

What derm does heart and circulatory system originated?

A

Mesoderm

60
Q

What derm does bones (except facial), muscles, kidneys originated?

A

Mesoderm

61
Q

What derm does lungs, intestine, liver, pancreas, urinary bladder originated?

A

Endoderm

62
Q

Which derm does kidney originated?

A

Mesoderm

63
Q

Where does respiratory tract, GI tract, and urinary tract originated?

A

Endoderm

64
Q

Which derm does facial bones originated?

A

Ectoderm

General Microscopic Anatomy and Embryology (6 decks)

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