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General Microscopic Anatomy and Embryology > Cell > Flashcards

Cell Flashcards

1
Q

It is the basic functional unit of all living organism.

A

CELL

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2
Q

Basic Parts of the Cell

A

Plasmalemma
Cytoplasm
Nucleus

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3
Q

lipid bilayer composed of phospholipids and cholesterol; proteins extend across or are embedded in either surface of the lipid bilayer.

A

Plasmalemma

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4
Q

Outer boundary of cells; controls the entry and exit of substances therefore keep constant ion content of cytoplasm; receptor proteins function in intercellular communication; marker molecules enable cells to recognize one another

A

Plasmalemma

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5
Q

Major constituent of the plasmalemma

A

Proteins

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6
Q

Types of Plasmalemma

A

Integral
Peripheral
Transmembrane/multipass

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7
Q

How many layers in integral and peripheral?

A

1 layer

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8
Q

How many layers in Transmembrane?

A

2 layers

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9
Q

Appearance of lipid bilayer

A

Fluid mosaic model

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10
Q

Organelles swim in this “Big Pool” inside the cell

A

Cytosol

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11
Q

Liquid part of the cell

A

Cytosol

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12
Q

Largest organelle of the cell and the most obvious feature under the microscope.

A

Nucleus

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13
Q

Ground Substance of the cell

A

Cytosol

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14
Q

What are the membrane bound organelles?

A

ER
Lysosome
Peroxisome
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria

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14
Q

Control center of the cell containing the blueprint from which all the other components of the cell are constructed.

A

Nucleus

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15
Q

Anastomosing network of intercommunicating channels or cisternae formed by a continuous membrane.

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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16
Q

Membranous tubules and flattened sacs with attached ribosomes

A

Rough E. R.

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17
Q

Synthesizes proteins and transports them to Golgi apparatus

A

Rough E. R.

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18
Q

Membranous tubules and flattened sacs with no attached ribosomes

A

Smooth E. R.

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19
Q

Manufactures lipids and carbohydrates; detoxifies harmful chemicals; stores and controls release of calcium

A

Smooth E. R.

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20
Q

Flattened membrane sacs (cisternae) stacked on each other that collects, modifies, packages and distributes proteins and lipids manufactured by the ER.

A

Golgi Apparatus

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21
Q

Produces lysosome

A

Golgi Apparatus

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22
Q

Receiver in golgi apparatus

A

Cis Face

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23
Q

Transport or transfere in golgi apparatus

A

Trans Face

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24
Q

Membrane bound vesicles formed from the Golgi apparatus.

A

Lysosome

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25
Q

Contain a variety of enzymes that function as intracellular digestive systems (hydrolase) that were synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

Lysosome

26
Q

Vesicles formed by budding off from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum rather than from the Golgi apparatus, and by self replication (growth and division of preexisting peroxisomes).

A

Peroxisome

27
Q

They contain oxidases

A

Peroxisome

28
Q

The membrane-bound vesicles that pinch off from the Golgi apparatus move to the surface of the cell, their membranes fuse with the plasma membrane, and the contents of the vesicles are released to the exterior by exocytosis.

A

Secretory Vesicle/ Granules

29
Q

Vesicles formed as a result of phagocytosis

A

Endosomes

30
Q

double membraned elongated organelles

A

Mitochondria

31
Q

Mitochondria has inner membrane with many folds, what do you call the folds?

A

crisTAE

32
Q

Carry out aerobic respiration to produce ATP (adenosinte triphosphate)

A

Mitochondria

33
Q

A cell within a cell because it has its own DNA

A

Mitochondria

34
Q

What are the non-membrane bound organelles?

A

Cytoskeleton, Centrosome. Basal bodies, Ribosomes

35
Q

Supports the cell and holds the nucleus and other organelles in place.

A

Cytoskeleton

36
Q

It is also responsible for changes in cell shape and the movement of cell organelles.

A

Cytoskeleton

37
Q

What is the diameter of intermediate filament?

A

8-10nm

38
Q

What is the diameter of microtubules?

A

25nm

39
Q

What is the diameter of actin filaments?

A

5-7nm

40
Q

maintain cell shape, assist in cell division, and form essential components like cilia and flagella

A

Microtubule

41
Q

strengthen and maintain cell shape

A

Intermediate filaments

42
Q

some involved in movement & contraction, change cell shape, and support microvilli

A

Actin/microfilaments

43
Q

Organelle which is prominent during mitosis

A

Centrosome

44
Q

Specialized zone of cytoplasm that is the
center of microtubule formation

A

Centrosome

45
Q

Composed of 9 triplets of microtubules per centriole

A

Centrosome

45
Q

How many centriole does centrosome have?

A

2

46
Q

Centrosome is composed of how many triplets?

A

9

46
Q

The centrosome when it is elongated it is called?

A

Mitotic spindle

46
Q

It has 9 doublets and 2 singlets

A

Basal bodies

47
Q

Required for development of cilia. Derived from centrioles

A

Basal bodies

47
Q

Short, hair-like structures and capable of moving and vary in number from none to thousand
per cell.

A

Cilia

48
Q

What are the cell surface appendages?

A

CIlia
Flagella
Microvilli
Stereocilia

48
Q

Protein synthesis for use within the cell. Composed of rRNA and protein.

A

Ribosomes

48
Q

movement of the cell’s environment

A

Cilia

48
Q

What do you call the 9 triplets and 2 singlets? It is the arrangement of microtubules within flagella and cilia.

A

Axoneme

49
Q

Movement of the cell itself

A

Flagella

50
Q

What is the diameter of flagella?

A

1um

51
Q

Have structure similar to
cilia but are much longer. Usually only one per cell

A

Flagella

52
Q

Specialized extension of cell membrane that are
supported by microfilaments but do not actively
move.

A

Microvilli

53
Q

Increase the surface area of cells

A

Microvilli

54
Q

Unusually long microvilli

A

Stereocilia

55
Q
A

General Microscopic Anatomy and Embryology (6 decks)

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