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General Microscopic Anatomy and Embryology > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Formed by three classes of components: cell, fibers, and ground substance.

A

Connective tissue

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2
Q

Major constituent of connective tissue

A

Extracellular matrix (ECM)

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3
Q

Connective tissue cells

A

Blast
Cytes
Clasts

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4
Q

What are the protein fibers?

A

(CRE)
Collagen fibers
Reticular fibers
Elastic fibers

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5
Q

Fibers consist of collagen, which is the most abundant protein in the body.

A

Collagen fibers

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6
Q

Fibers which are very strong and flexible, like microscopic ropes but quite inelastic.

A

Collagen fibers

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7
Q

Very fine, short collagen fibers that branch to form supporting network

A

Reticular fibers

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8
Q

This protein has the ability to return to its original shape after being stretched or compressed, giving tissue an elastic quality

A

Elastin

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9
Q

most abundant type of collagen

A

Type I collagen

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10
Q

Collagen found in connective
tissues, tendons, ligaments, bone, teeth, and the dermis of the skin.

A

Type I collagen

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11
Q

Collagen found in hyaline cartilage.

A

Type II collagen

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12
Q

It constitutes reticulin fibers. These fibers play a role in the structural component in the liver, bone marrow, and lymphoid
organs.

A

Type III collagen

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13
Q

Collagen found in basement membranes. Does not form fibers or fibrils

A

Type IV collagen

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14
Q

3 types of connective tissue

A

Embryonic CT
Connective tissue proper
Specialized CT

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15
Q

It is the shapeless background against which cells and collagen fibers are seen in the light microscope.

A

Ground Substance

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16
Q

Two types of Embryonic Connective Tissues

A

Mesenchyme
Mucoid

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17
Q

Types of Connective Tissue Proper

A

Loose (Areolar)
Dense Irregular
Dense Regular

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18
Q

What are the 5 types of Specialized Connective Tissue

A

(ARC BB)

Adipose
Reticular
Cartilage
Bone
Blood

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19
Q

It is an embryonic tissue formed by elongated undifferentiated cells, the mesenchymal cells, that formed the different connective
tissues.

A

Mesenchyme

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20
Q

The mesenchyme develops mainly
from the middle layer of the
embryo called?

A

Mesenchyme = Mesoderm

Mesoderm

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21
Q

Random fibroblasts and collagen fibers in viscous matrix.

A

Mucoid Connective Tissue

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22
Q

Supports and cushions large blood vessels
For example,
Matrix of fetal umbilical cord (Wharton’s Jelly)
Pulp cavities of young teeth

A

Mucoid Connective Tissue

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23
Q

It consists of relatively few protein fibers that form a lacy network, with numerous spaces filled with ground substance and fluid.

A

Loose Connective Tissue

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24
Q

Other term for loose connective tissue

A

Areolar tissue

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25
Q

“Loose packing” material of most organs and other tissues and has extracellular matrix consisting mostly of collagen and a few elastic fibers

A

Loose Connective Tissue

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26
Q

It attaches the skin to underlying tissues
Eg. packing between glands, muscles, and nerve

A

Loose Connective Tissue

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27
Q

It has a relatively large number of protein fibers, which form thick bundles and fill nearly all of the extracellular space.

A

Dense Connective Tissue

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28
Q

Most of the cells of developing dense connective tissue are

A

spindle-shaped fibroblasts

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29
Q

Subdivision of Dense CT

A

Dense Regular Connective Tissue
a. collagenous b. elastic

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue
a. collagenous b. elastic

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30
Q

It has protein fibers in the extracellular matrix that are oriented predominantly in one direction.

A

Dense Regular Connective Tissue

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31
Q

Dense regular connective tissue that has abundant collagen fibers, which give this tissue a white appearance

A

Dense regular collagenous connective tissue

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32
Q

Dense regular connective tissue which consists of parallel bundles of collagen fibers and abundant elastic fibers. The elastin
in elastic ligaments gives them a slightly yellow color.

A

Dense regular elastic connective tissue

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33
Q

Type of connective tissue which is found in tendons and ligaments

A

Dense Regular Collagenous Connective Tissue

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34
Q

Type of connective tissue which is found in vocal folds and elastic ligaments between vertebrae and dorsal aspect of neck

A

Dense Regular Elastic Connective
Tissue

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35
Q

It is arranged as a meshwork of randomly oriented fibers.

A

Dense Irregular Connective
Tissue

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36
Q

They forms sheets of connective tissue that have strength in many directions but less strength in any single direction.

A

Dense Irregular Connective
Tissue

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37
Q

Subdivisions of Dense Irregular CT

A

Dense Irregular Collagenous
Dense Irregular Elastic

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38
Q

Type of connective tissue which is found in Sheaths; most of the dermis of the skin; organ capsules and septa; outer covering of body tubes

A

Dense Irregular Collagenous Connective
Tissue

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39
Q

Type of connective tissue which is found in Elastic arteries

A

Dense Irregular Elastic Connective Tissue

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40
Q

Consists of adipocytes containing large amounts of lipid.

A

Adipose Tissue

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41
Q

It is composed of large cells and a small amount of extracellular matrix, which consists of loosely arranged collagen and reticular fibers with some scattered elastic fibers.

A

Adipose Tissue

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42
Q

Types of Adipose Tissue

A

White Adipose Tissue/Unilocular
Brown Adipose Tissue/Multilocular

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43
Q

It produces leptin.

A

White Adipose Tissue/Unilocular

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44
Q

Type of adipose tissue that have abundant mitochondria

A

Brown Adipose Tissue/Multilocular

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45
Q

Type of adipose tissue which fatty acids are released for ATP synthesis

A

White Adipose Tissue/Unilocular

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46
Q

Type of adipose tissue which fatty acids are released for thermogenesis

A

Brown Adipose Tissue/Multilocular

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47
Q

Hormone for hunger

A

GREed

Ghrelin

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48
Q

It forms the framework of lymphatic tissue, such as in the spleen and lymph nodes, as well as in bone marrow and the liver.

A

Reticular Tissue

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49
Q

Composed of cartilage cells or chondrocytes

A

Cartilage Tissue

50
Q

Spaces in cartilage tissue

A

lacunae

51
Q

Heals slowly

A

Cartilage Tissue

52
Q

Types of Cartilage Tissue

A

Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Elastic cartilage

53
Q

Collagen fibers are small and evenly dispersed in the matrix, making the matrix appear transparent.

A

Hiding = Hyaline

Hyaline Cartilage

54
Q

It means glassy appearance

A

Hyaline

55
Q

Where can you find the cartilage cells, or chondrocytes?

A

lacunae, within the firm but flexible matrix

56
Q

It has much thicker bundles of collagen fibers dispersed through its matrix.

A

Fibrocartilage

57
Q

Type of cartilage which is slightly compressible and very tough.

A

Fibrocartilage

58
Q

It has numerous elastic fibers in addition to collagen and proteoglycans dispersed throughout its matrix.
It returns to their original shape after being stretched

A

Elastic cartilage

59
Q

Why type of cartilage does ears, Eustachian tube, and epiglottis have?

A

Elastic cartilage

60
Q

What type of cartilage does all the disc and symphyses in the body have?

A

Fibrocartilage

61
Q

Weight bearing cartilages

A

Fibrocartilage

62
Q

2 types of growth of cartilage

A

ILAW
Interstitial growth
Appositional growth

63
Q

Type of growth for width of the bone

A

Appositional growth

64
Q

Type of growth for length of the bone

A

Interstitial growth

65
Q

Type of growth for length of the bone

A

Interstitial growth

66
Q

Hard connective tissue that consists of living cells and a mineralized
matrix.

A

Bone Tissue

67
Q

It has a rich blood supply. For this reason, bone can repair itself much more readily.

A

Bone Tissue

68
Q

2 Types of Bones

A

Cancellous bone (trabecular/spongy)
Compact bone (cortical)

69
Q

It has spaces between trabeculae or
plates, of bone that resembles a sponge

A

Cancellous bone (trabecular/spongy)

70
Q

It is more solid, with almost no space between many thin layers, or lamellae of bone

A

Compact bone (cortical)

71
Q

Other term for trabeculae

A

Tissue plate

72
Q

Bones that undergo Intramembranous Ossification

A

Cranial Vault
Maxilla/Mandible
Clavicle

73
Q

Bone that undergo endochondral ossification

A

Skull base
Vertebrae
Long bones
Pelvis

74
Q

characterized by multiple layers or lamellae of calcified matrix

A

lamelLayer

Lamellar

75
Q

nonlamellar and characterized by random disposition of collagen fibers and is the first bone tissue to appear in embryonic development and in fracture repair.

A

Woven

76
Q

2 types of Bone Marrow

A

Yellow Marrow
Red Marrow

77
Q

What is the growth plate?

A

Epiphyseal plate

78
Q

Marrow for fat storage

A

Yellow marrow

79
Q

Marrow for blood cell production/hematopoeisis

A

Red marrow

80
Q

Marrow for blood cell production/hematopoeisis

A

Red marrow

81
Q

What type of tissue which blood cells move freely within a fluid matrix.

A

Hematopoietic Tissue

82
Q

Volume of plasma

A

liquid 55%

83
Q

What do you call the cells and cell fragments?

A

Formed elements

84
Q

What do you call the cells and cell fragments?

A

Formed elements

85
Q

Percentage of Formed elements

A

45%

86
Q

It is a pale yellow fluid

A

Plasma

87
Q

It is a pale yellow fluid

A

Plasma

88
Q

What consists the plasma?

A

91% water
7% protein (albumin, globulins, fibrinogen)
2% other substances (ions, nutrients, gases and waste products)

89
Q

What are the Formed Elements?

A

Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)
White Blood Cells (leukocytes)
Platelets (Thrombocytes)

90
Q

What are the Formed Elements?

A

Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)
White Blood Cells (leukocytes)
Platelets (Thrombocytes)

91
Q

Where does hematopoiesis in fetus takes place?

A

liver, thymus gland, spleen, lymph nodes
and red bone marrow

92
Q

Where does hematopoiesis in fetus takes place?

A

liver, thymus gland, spleen, lymph nodes
and red bone marrow

93
Q

Where does hematopoiesis akes place after birth?

A

red bone marrow

94
Q

population of cells where all formed
elements of blood are derived from

A

Stem Cells

95
Q

What are myeloid stem cells?

A

galing kay LOlo

Erythrocytes
Thrombocytes
Basophil
Eosinophil
Neutrophil
Monocytes

96
Q

Where does thrombocytes originated?

A

Megakaryocytes

97
Q

Where does basophil, eosinophil, and neutrophils originated?

A

GRANPA BEN PHIL

Myeloblast

98
Q

Where does basophil, eosinophil, and neutrophils originated?

A

GRANPA BEN PHIL

Myeloblast

99
Q

Where does monocyte originated?

A

Monoblast

100
Q

Where does B lymphocytes originated?

A

Lymphoblasts

101
Q

Where does myeloid stem cell and lymphatic stem cell came from?

A

Multipotent stem cell

102
Q

biconcave disk; no nucleus

A

Erythrocytes

103
Q

contains hemoglobin which colors the cell
red

A

Erythrocytes

104
Q

transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

Erythrocytes

105
Q

transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

Erythrocytes

106
Q

Cytoplasmic granules stain a light pink or reddish purple

A

Neutrophil

107
Q

Cytoplasmic granules stain a light pink or reddish purple

A

Neutrophil

108
Q

cytoplasmic granules stain blue-purple

A

Basophil

109
Q

cytoplasmic granules stain orange-red or bright red

A

Eosinophil

110
Q

cytoplasmic granules stain orange-red or bright red

A

Eosinophil

111
Q

Produces antibodies and other chemicals responsible for destroying microorganisms; contributes to allergic reactions; graft rejection, tumor control, and regulation of immune system

A

Lymphocyte

112
Q

Phagocytic cell in the blood; leaves the blood and becomes a macrophage, which phagocytizes bacteria, dead cells, cell fragments and other debris within tissues

A

Monocyte

113
Q

Phagocytic cell in the blood; leaves the blood and becomes a macrophage, which phagocytizes bacteria, dead cells, cell fragments and other debris within tissues

A

Monocyte

114
Q

Releases chemicals that reduce inflammation; attacks certain worm parasites

A

Eosinophil

115
Q

Releases histamine, which promotes inflammation, and heparin, which prevents clot formation

A

Basophil

116
Q

Releases histamine, which promotes inflammation, and heparin, which prevents clot formation

A

Basophil

117
Q

Also called the wandering cells

A

Hemapoietic Tissue

118
Q

cell fragments surrounded by plasma membrane and containing granules

A

Thrombocytes

119
Q

cell fragments surrounded by plasma membrane and containing granules

A

Thrombocytes

120
Q

forms platelet plugs; releases chemicals necessary for blood clotting

A

Thrombocytes

121
Q

What are the undifferentiated cells of specialized connective tissue?

A

Adipose
Reticular
Cartilage
Bone

General Microscopic Anatomy and Embryology (6 decks)

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