Connective Tissue Flashcards
1
Q
Formed by three classes of components: cell, fibers, and ground substance.
A
Connective tissue
2
Q
Major constituent of connective tissue
A
Extracellular matrix (ECM)
3
Q
Connective tissue cells
A
Blast
Cytes
Clasts
4
Q
What are the protein fibers?
A
(CRE)
Collagen fibers
Reticular fibers
Elastic fibers
5
Q
Fibers consist of collagen, which is the most abundant protein in the body.
A
Collagen fibers
6
Q
Fibers which are very strong and flexible, like microscopic ropes but quite inelastic.
A
Collagen fibers
7
Q
Very fine, short collagen fibers that branch to form supporting network
A
Reticular fibers
8
Q
This protein has the ability to return to its original shape after being stretched or compressed, giving tissue an elastic quality
A
Elastin
9
Q
most abundant type of collagen
A
Type I collagen
10
Q
Collagen found in connective
tissues, tendons, ligaments, bone, teeth, and the dermis of the skin.
A
Type I collagen
11
Q
Collagen found in hyaline cartilage.
A
Type II collagen
12
Q
It constitutes reticulin fibers. These fibers play a role in the structural component in the liver, bone marrow, and lymphoid
organs.
A
Type III collagen
13
Q
Collagen found in basement membranes. Does not form fibers or fibrils
A
Type IV collagen
14
Q
3 types of connective tissue
A
Embryonic CT
Connective tissue proper
Specialized CT
15
Q
It is the shapeless background against which cells and collagen fibers are seen in the light microscope.
A
Ground Substance
16
Q
Two types of Embryonic Connective Tissues
A
Mesenchyme
Mucoid
17
Q
Types of Connective Tissue Proper
A
Loose (Areolar)
Dense Irregular
Dense Regular
18
Q
What are the 5 types of Specialized Connective Tissue
A
(ARC BB)
Adipose
Reticular
Cartilage
Bone
Blood
19
Q
It is an embryonic tissue formed by elongated undifferentiated cells, the mesenchymal cells, that formed the different connective
tissues.
A
Mesenchyme
20
Q
The mesenchyme develops mainly
from the middle layer of the
embryo called?
A
Mesenchyme = Mesoderm
Mesoderm
21
Q
Random fibroblasts and collagen fibers in viscous matrix.
A
Mucoid Connective Tissue
22
Q
Supports and cushions large blood vessels
For example,
Matrix of fetal umbilical cord (Wharton’s Jelly)
Pulp cavities of young teeth
A
Mucoid Connective Tissue
23
Q
It consists of relatively few protein fibers that form a lacy network, with numerous spaces filled with ground substance and fluid.
A
Loose Connective Tissue
24
Q
Other term for loose connective tissue
A
Areolar tissue
25
“Loose packing” material of most organs and other tissues and has extracellular matrix consisting mostly of collagen and a few elastic fibers
Loose Connective Tissue
26
It attaches the skin to underlying tissues
Eg. packing between glands, muscles, and nerve
Loose Connective Tissue
27
It has a relatively large number of protein fibers, which form thick bundles and fill nearly all of the extracellular space.
Dense Connective Tissue
28
Most of the cells of developing dense connective tissue are
spindle-shaped fibroblasts
29
Subdivision of Dense CT
Dense Regular Connective Tissue
a. collagenous b. elastic
Dense Irregular Connective Tissue
a. collagenous b. elastic
30
It has protein fibers in the extracellular matrix that are oriented predominantly in one direction.
Dense Regular Connective Tissue
31
Dense regular connective tissue that has abundant collagen fibers, which give this tissue a white appearance
Dense regular collagenous connective tissue
32
Dense regular connective tissue which consists of parallel bundles of collagen fibers and abundant elastic fibers. The elastin
in elastic ligaments gives them a slightly yellow color.
Dense regular elastic connective tissue
33
Type of connective tissue which is found in tendons and ligaments
Dense Regular Collagenous Connective Tissue
34
Type of connective tissue which is found in vocal folds and elastic ligaments between vertebrae and dorsal aspect of neck
Dense Regular Elastic Connective
Tissue
35
It is arranged as a meshwork of randomly oriented fibers.
Dense Irregular Connective
Tissue
36
They forms sheets of connective tissue that have strength in many directions but less strength in any single direction.
Dense Irregular Connective
Tissue
37
Subdivisions of Dense Irregular CT
Dense Irregular Collagenous
Dense Irregular Elastic
38
Type of connective tissue which is found in Sheaths; most of the dermis of the skin; organ capsules and septa; outer covering of body tubes
Dense Irregular Collagenous Connective
Tissue
39
Type of connective tissue which is found in Elastic arteries
Dense Irregular Elastic Connective Tissue
40
Consists of adipocytes containing large amounts of lipid.
Adipose Tissue
41
It is composed of large cells and a small amount of extracellular matrix, which consists of loosely arranged collagen and reticular fibers with some scattered elastic fibers.
Adipose Tissue
42
Types of Adipose Tissue
White Adipose Tissue/Unilocular
Brown Adipose Tissue/Multilocular
43
It produces leptin.
White Adipose Tissue/Unilocular
44
Type of adipose tissue that have abundant mitochondria
Brown Adipose Tissue/Multilocular
45
Type of adipose tissue which fatty acids are released for ATP synthesis
White Adipose Tissue/Unilocular
46
Type of adipose tissue which fatty acids are released for thermogenesis
Brown Adipose Tissue/Multilocular
47
Hormone for hunger
GREed
Ghrelin
48
It forms the framework of lymphatic tissue, such as in the spleen and lymph nodes, as well as in bone marrow and the liver.
Reticular Tissue
49
Composed of cartilage cells or chondrocytes
Cartilage Tissue
50
Spaces in cartilage tissue
lacunae
51
Heals slowly
Cartilage Tissue
52
Types of Cartilage Tissue
Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Elastic cartilage
53
Collagen fibers are small and evenly dispersed in the matrix, making the matrix appear transparent.
Hiding = Hyaline
Hyaline Cartilage
54
It means glassy appearance
Hyaline
55
Where can you find the cartilage cells, or chondrocytes?
lacunae, within the firm but flexible matrix
56
It has much thicker bundles of collagen fibers dispersed through its matrix.
Fibrocartilage
57
Type of cartilage which is slightly compressible and very tough.
Fibrocartilage
58
It has numerous elastic fibers in addition to collagen and proteoglycans dispersed throughout its matrix.
It returns to their original shape after being stretched
Elastic cartilage
59
Why type of cartilage does ears, Eustachian tube, and epiglottis have?
Elastic cartilage
60
What type of cartilage does all the disc and symphyses in the body have?
Fibrocartilage
61
Weight bearing cartilages
Fibrocartilage
62
2 types of growth of cartilage
ILAW
Interstitial growth
Appositional growth
63
Type of growth for width of the bone
Appositional growth
64
Type of growth for length of the bone
Interstitial growth
65
Type of growth for length of the bone
Interstitial growth
66
Hard connective tissue that consists of living cells and a mineralized
matrix.
Bone Tissue
67
It has a rich blood supply. For this reason, bone can repair itself much more readily.
Bone Tissue
68
2 Types of Bones
Cancellous bone (trabecular/spongy)
Compact bone (cortical)
69
It has spaces between trabeculae or
plates, of bone that resembles a sponge
Cancellous bone (trabecular/spongy)
70
It is more solid, with almost no space between many thin layers, or lamellae of bone
Compact bone (cortical)
71
Other term for trabeculae
Tissue plate
72
Bones that undergo Intramembranous Ossification
Cranial Vault
Maxilla/Mandible
Clavicle
73
Bone that undergo endochondral ossification
Skull base
Vertebrae
Long bones
Pelvis
74
characterized by multiple layers or lamellae of calcified matrix
lamelLayer
Lamellar
75
nonlamellar and characterized by random disposition of collagen fibers and is the first bone tissue to appear in embryonic development and in fracture repair.
Woven
76
2 types of Bone Marrow
Yellow Marrow
Red Marrow
77
What is the growth plate?
Epiphyseal plate
78
Marrow for fat storage
Yellow marrow
79
Marrow for blood cell production/hematopoeisis
Red marrow
80
Marrow for blood cell production/hematopoeisis
Red marrow
81
What type of tissue which blood cells move freely within a fluid matrix.
Hematopoietic Tissue
82
Volume of plasma
liquid 55%
83
What do you call the cells and cell fragments?
Formed elements
84
What do you call the cells and cell fragments?
Formed elements
85
Percentage of Formed elements
45%
86
It is a pale yellow fluid
Plasma
87
It is a pale yellow fluid
Plasma
88
What consists the plasma?
91% water
7% protein (albumin, globulins, fibrinogen)
2% other substances (ions, nutrients, gases and waste products)
89
What are the Formed Elements?
Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)
White Blood Cells (leukocytes)
Platelets (Thrombocytes)
90
What are the Formed Elements?
Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)
White Blood Cells (leukocytes)
Platelets (Thrombocytes)
91
Where does hematopoiesis in fetus takes place?
liver, thymus gland, spleen, lymph nodes
and red bone marrow
92
Where does hematopoiesis in fetus takes place?
liver, thymus gland, spleen, lymph nodes
and red bone marrow
93
Where does hematopoiesis akes place after birth?
red bone marrow
94
population of cells where all formed
elements of blood are derived from
Stem Cells
95
What are myeloid stem cells?
galing kay LOlo
Erythrocytes
Thrombocytes
Basophil
Eosinophil
Neutrophil
Monocytes
96
Where does thrombocytes originated?
Megakaryocytes
97
Where does basophil, eosinophil, and neutrophils originated?
GRANPA BEN PHIL
Myeloblast
98
Where does basophil, eosinophil, and neutrophils originated?
GRANPA BEN PHIL
Myeloblast
99
Where does monocyte originated?
Monoblast
100
Where does B lymphocytes originated?
Lymphoblasts
101
Where does myeloid stem cell and lymphatic stem cell came from?
Multipotent stem cell
102
biconcave disk; no nucleus
Erythrocytes
103
contains hemoglobin which colors the cell
red
Erythrocytes
104
transports oxygen and carbon dioxide
Erythrocytes
105
transports oxygen and carbon dioxide
Erythrocytes
106
Cytoplasmic granules stain a light pink or reddish purple
Neutrophil
107
Cytoplasmic granules stain a light pink or reddish purple
Neutrophil
108
cytoplasmic granules stain blue-purple
Basophil
109
cytoplasmic granules stain orange-red or bright red
Eosinophil
110
cytoplasmic granules stain orange-red or bright red
Eosinophil
111
Produces antibodies and other chemicals responsible for destroying microorganisms; contributes to allergic reactions; graft rejection, tumor control, and regulation of immune system
Lymphocyte
112
Phagocytic cell in the blood; leaves the blood and becomes a macrophage, which phagocytizes bacteria, dead cells, cell fragments and other debris within tissues
Monocyte
113
Phagocytic cell in the blood; leaves the blood and becomes a macrophage, which phagocytizes bacteria, dead cells, cell fragments and other debris within tissues
Monocyte
114
Releases chemicals that reduce inflammation; attacks certain worm parasites
Eosinophil
115
Releases histamine, which promotes inflammation, and heparin, which prevents clot formation
Basophil
116
Releases histamine, which promotes inflammation, and heparin, which prevents clot formation
Basophil
117
Also called the wandering cells
Hemapoietic Tissue
118
cell fragments surrounded by plasma membrane and containing granules
Thrombocytes
119
cell fragments surrounded by plasma membrane and containing granules
Thrombocytes
120
forms platelet plugs; releases chemicals necessary for blood clotting
Thrombocytes
121
What are the undifferentiated cells of specialized connective tissue?
Adipose
Reticular
Cartilage
Bone
