Embryo Flashcards
What is a mesentery?
A double fold of peritoneum attaching intestines to the abdominal wall
What are the adult derivatives of the dorsal mesentery?
- greater omentum
- small intestine mesentery
- mesoappendix
- transverse mesocolon
- sigmoid mesocolon
What comprises the greater omentum?
gastrosplenic, gastrocolic, gastrophrenic, and splenorenal ligaments
What are the adult derivatives of the ventral mesentery?
- lesser omentum
- falciform, coronary, and triangular ligaments of the liver
What makes up the lesser omentum?
The hepatoduodenal and hepatogastric ligaments
What does the ventral mesentery connect?
The foregut to the ventral wall from septum transverse to umbilical vein
What is an intraperitoneal organ?
Suspended by mesentery, in the peritoneal cavity
What is secondarily retroperitoneal?
Initially suspended in mesentery but later fused with body wall
What are the derivatives of the foregut?
Esophagus, stomach, upper duodenum, liver, pancreas, gallbladder
Describe stomach rotation
It dilates and rotates 90 degrees. The left side moves ventral, right side moves dorsally and the vagus nerve follows. Turn the bus!
Where does the lesser sac move during stomach rotation?
It moves posterior to the stomach
What enlarges to form the greater omentum?
The dorsal mesogastrium
What gradually hypertrophies in pyloric stenosis?
The muscularis externa
Why can the pyloric sphincter not relax during pyloric stenosis?
Faulty migration of neural crest
In the liver, what does the endoderm become?
Hepatocytes, bile ducts, and hepatic ducts
In the liver, what does the splanchnic mesoderm become?
Stromal cells, kupffer cells (immune), and stellate cells (supporting)
What kind of organ is the liver?
Hematopoietic
What does the cystic diverticulum form from?
The common bile duct/hepatic diverticulum
What is biliary atresia?
Obliteration of the extra hepatic or intrahepatic ducts. Inflammation replaces the ducts with fibrotic tissue.
What are the symptoms of biliary atresia?
- Dark urine
- White stool
- Progressive jaundice
- Poor prognosis
What is the treatment for biliary atresia?
Liver transplant
During what week does the spleen form?
Week 5
Where does the spleen get its vascular supply from?
The celiac trunk
What embryonic layer is the spleen made of?
The mesoderm
