Embryo Flashcards
Source of cardiac precursor cells.
Epiblast
The bulbus cordis gives rise to what 3 structures?
- Truncus arteriosus: roots of great arteries
- Conus cordis: ventricular outflow tract
- Trabeculated RV
Where does the RA come from?
Smooth part comes from the left side of the sinus venosus that regresses.
Trabeculated part comes from the primitive atrium
Where does the LA come from?
The smooth part arises from the pulmonary veins
Trabeculated part comes from the primitive atrium
Source of the IV septum muscular portion.
Endocardial Cushions
Source of the IV septum membranous portion.
Neural Crest Cells
downward spiral growth
Congenital defect where the great vessels and outflow tracts are not divided. What condition is this associated with?
Persistant truncus arteriosus.
-associated with Digeorge Syndrome
4 characteristics of Tetralogy of Fallot.
- VSD
- Overriding Aorta
- Pulmonary Stenosis
- RVH
What can cause sudden infant death syndrome related to cardiology?
Defects in cardiac conduction development
Where do blood cells form?
- the yolk sac
- later in the liver
- later sources of blood cells include the spleen, thymus and bone marrow
Aortic arches to be concerned with in this system.
4 and 6
Derivatives of the two 4th arches.
Right Side: right subclavian
Left Side: aortic arch
Derivatives of the two 6th arches.
Right Side: right pulmonary artery
Left Side: left pulmonary artery and ductus arteriosus
What problems are associated with the 6th arch and the vagus nerve?
The 6th arch produces the ductus arteriosus which prevents ascension of the left recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus. This allows it to be compressed if any of the surrounding vessels enlarge.
3 derivatives of the vitelline arteries.
- Celiac
- SMA
- IMA
Function of the umbilical arteries.
Carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta. Eventually regress to form the medial umbilical ligaments.
Function of the ductus venosus.
Shunt that allows oxygenated blood to pass from the left umbilical vein to the heart without influence from the liver. Regresses to form the ligamentum venosum
Embryonic structure that leads to the azygous system.
Supracardinal veins
Embryonic structure that leads to formation of some of the IVC and the renal veins.
Subcardinal veins
Describe dysphagia lusoria.
Origin of the right subclavian artery forms further distal along the aortic arch than normal forcing it to pass behind the esophagus to reach the right extremity. Can cause stenosis of the esophagus.
