Embryo 0513FA Flashcards
what gender is the default development?
female -
mesonephric duct must be induced to remain or else parameso will develop
what duct degenerates in female development?
mesonephric duct
paramesonephric develops
what produces testis-determining factor to promote testes development?
SRY gene on Y chromo
where does mullerian inhibitor factor come from?
(AMH) from Sertoli cells.
suppress development of paramesonephric ducts.
what stimulates develop of mesonephric ducts?
increased ANDROGENS from Leydig cells
what develops into male internal structures?
mesonephric (wolffian) ducts become SEED.
Seminal vesicles.
Epididymis.
Ejaculatory duct.
Ductus deferens.
what develops into female internal structures?
paramesonephric (Mullerian) ducts become:
Fallopian tubes.
Uterus.
Upper 1/3 vagina.
where does lower 2/3 vagina come from?
urogenital sinus
bicornuate uterus
incomplete fusion of paramesonephric (Mullerian) ducts.
urinary tract abnormalities.
miscarriage.
no sertoli cell OR lack of AMH
develop both male and female INTERNAL genitalia AND male EXTERNAL genitalia
5alpha reductase deficiency
lack of DHT = male internal genitalia with ambiguous external genitalia until puberty
genital tubercle (estrogen)
glans clitoris.
vestibular bulbs.
genital tubercle (DHT)
glans penis.
corpus cavernosum, spongiosum.
urogenital sinus (estrogen)
greater vestibular glands (of Bartholin).
urethral and paraurethral glands (of Skene).
urogenital sinus (DHT)
bulbourethral glands (of Cowper). prostate gland.
urogenital folds (estrogen)
labia minora
urogenital folds (DHT)
ventral shaft of penis
penile urethra
labioscrotal swelling (estrogen)
labia majora
labioscrotal swelling (DHT)
scrotum
hypospadias
abnormal opening of penile urethra on inferior (ventral) side of penis.
due to failure of urethral folds to close.
more common than epispadias.
fix hypospadias to prevent?
UTI
epispadiase
abnormal opening of penile urethra on superior (dorsal) side of penis.
due to faulty positioning of genital tubercle.
assoc with bladder extrophy
gubernaculum
band of fibrous tissue
gubernaculum remnants
fem: ovarian ligament and round ligament of uterus.
male: anchors testes within scrotum.
