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EMA > EMA Lecture 7 > Flashcards

EMA Lecture 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What does MSFD stand for?

A

EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive

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2
Q

When was the Marine Strategy Framework Directive first adopted?

A

17th June 2008

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3
Q

What do marine strategies apply to?

A

-Ecosystem based approach to the management of human activities to achieve good environmental status

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4
Q

What does EBM stand for?

A

Ecosystem Based Management

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5
Q

Name 1-5 indicators of good environmental status

A
  1. Biological Diversity
  2. Non-indigenous species
  3. Population of commercial fish/shellfish
  4. Elements of marine food webs
  5. Eutrophication
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6
Q

What does EBFM stand for?

A

Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management

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7
Q

Name 6-11 indicators of good environmental status

A
  1. Sea Floor Integrity
  2. Alteration of hydrographical conditions
  3. Concentrations of contaminants
  4. Contaminants in fish/seafood for human consumption
  5. Marine Litter
  6. Introduction of energy including underwater noise
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8
Q

What does EAFM stand for?

A

Ecosystem approach to fisheries management

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9
Q

What does SS stand for in relation to fisheries

A

Single Species

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10
Q

What are the goals for MSFD member states to achieve?

A
  1. Define when good environmental status is reach for 11 descriptors
  2. Assess and monitor status of each descriptors in their marine waters
  3. Set targets to reduce pressures and impacts from human activity
  4. Identify and implement actions to ensure GES
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11
Q

What does D1 stand for? GES

A

Biodiversity is maintained

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12
Q

What does D2 stand for? GES

A

Non-indigenous species do not adversely alter the ecosystem

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13
Q

What does D3 stand for? GES

A

The population of commercial fish species is healthy

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14
Q

What does D4 stand for? GES

A

Elements of food webs ensure long-term abundance and reproduction

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15
Q

What does D5 stand for? GES

A

Eutrophication is minimised

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16
Q

What does D6 stand for? GES

A

The sea floor integrity ensures function of the ecosystem

17
Q

What does D7 stand for? GES

A

Permanent alteration of hydrographical conditions does not adversely affect the ecosystem

18
Q

What does D8 stand for? GES

A

Concentrations of contaminants give no effects

19
Q

What does D9 stand for? GES

A

Contaminants in seafood are below safe levels

20
Q

What does D10 stand for? GES

A

Marine litter does not cause harm

21
Q

What does D11 stand for? GES

A

Introduction of energy (including underwater noise) does not adversely affect the ecosystem

22
Q

What does GES stand for?

A

Good Environmental Status

23
Q

What is the function of EcoQOs

A

-Indicators - to provide specific issues for monitoring
-Objectives- Against which to measure progress for an ecosystem approach

24
Q

Name 5 OSPAR EcoQOs for the North Sea

A
  1. Bycatch of harbour propoises
  2. Eliminate eutrophication
  3. Fish stocks at biologically safe levels
  4. Reduce the number of oiled guillemots
  5. Seal population trends in the North Sea
25
Q

Explain the North Sea seal population EcoQO

A

-There should be no decline in pup production of grey seals of > 10% in a five year running-mean

26
Q

Are seal populations declining in the North sea?

A

Yes

27
Q

Explain the North sea EcoQO for increase of large fish?

A

At least 30% of fish (by weight) should be greater than 40 cm in length

28
Q

What is the qualitative descriptor for the MSFD?

A

Biological diversity

29
Q

What are the indicators for biodiversity by the MSFD

A
  1. Species distribution
  2. Population size
  3. Population condition
  4. Habitat distribution
  5. Habitat extent
  6. Habitat condition
  7. Ecosystem structure
30
Q

Give a detailed description of an indicator and targets

A

Descriptor/Criteria- Biological diversity
Indicator- population abundance
Parameter/Metric- Trends in abundance over time
Target- No significant decrease in population size with regard to the baseline

31
Q

What are good principles for target setting?

A

-Quantitative when possible
-Due consideration to socio-economics
-Link management measures when possible
-Timescale

EMA (6 decks)

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