ELSS

Question 1

Hydrological cycle and drainage basins

Answer 1

A drainage basin is an area of land drained by a river where water is collected and travels down like a stream.

Question 2

Interception , infiltration , through flow, relocation

Answer 2

I- precipitation being intercepted by vegetation therefore not reading the soil.
I- water on the ground so along into soils and porous rock.
TF- flow of water in soil towards the river.
P- water through soil or porous rock being stored as groundwater.

Question 3

Outputs

Question 4

Flows

Answer 4

Interception,infiltration,through flow , prelocation

Question 5

Outputs

Answer 5

Evaporation transpiration(water lost through plants through pores into atmosphere.)and channel flow (discharge into another larger drainage basin or river.)

Question 6

Physical factors of a drainage basin

Answer 6

Climate
Seasonality - Vancouver is wettest between October and March.
Summer temps increase evaporation .
Geology
Determines underground storage due to permeability

Question 7

Water budgets

Answer 7

Show annual balance between inputs )precipitation )and outputs (ebapotranspiragkon) and the impact on soil water availability.
They can be influenced by climate types:
Tropical - tropical wet or dry seasons.
Polar - tundra and ice caps.

Question 8

River regime

Answer 8

Indicates annual variation of discharge from a river showing climate, geology and soils .
As global temps rise river discharge is likely to increase as glacial meltwater increases river output.

Question 9

Deficits with hydrological cycle

Answer 9

Droughts - long period of time below average percipitation.2006 south Australia river Murray dried up, 6mil sheep died.
Deforestation reduces soils ability to sore water .

Question 10

Surpluses with hydrological cycle

Answer 10

Flooding
Human activities like decoration and urbanisation can increase flood risk.