CSMP Flashcards
Factors that make up a place
Natural (physical) - geology and altitude
Demographics - age and gender
Socio economic - income and education
Culture - religious celebrations and places of worship
Political - local regional and national government
Built environment - age and style of buildings
Influences of a place profile
Past and present connections
Shifting flows of people (migration)
Resources - like electronic communication
Money and investment - gov spending on infrastructure education and health
Governments
Local - town councils
Regional - USA individual states
national - responsible for a gov in a country
Transnational- EU
Factors that lead to people perceiving a place in different ways
Influence of age
- life cycle stage - young adults , less room location near work good shops and night life. Families space and garden and parks.
Influence of gender
-safe or unsafe will be perceived differently
Influence of sexuality
-whether a place is accepting due to the amount of LGBT venues and pubs.
Influence of religion
-churches and sense of belonging.
Emotional attachment to a place
Memory
Not necessarily visit e.g concentration camps
Diaspora (spread of people from homeland.
Globalisation and time space compression can alter a sense of a place
Due to transport and communication advances brought closer together.
TSC - a shrinking world due to distance between places reducing e.g travel time
Representing a place informally
Media, TV , film e.g eastenders
Representing a place formally
Data that’s stored collected and analysed, geospatial data , census
Social inequality
The different access to housing, healthcare , education , employment and standard of living …
How can social inequality be measured
Census and index of multiple deprivation in the UK- coming income health education crime and housing
Measures of social inequality
Income
housing
Education
Employment
Healthcare
Access to services (number , how easy to get to)
How globalisations brings about structural economic change
One consequence of globalisation is global shift ( movement of manufacturing production from ACs to EDCs and LIDCs )
Impacts of structural economic change
Mines and factories closed in ACs - job losses - Narrow jobs like engineering on ships and textiles - North east eng and France - better air quality and better health
Impacts of booms and recessions
Economic status of a place are fairly static
Boom - usually with tech innovation and new industries , opportunities exist for p pole with skills. E.g California
Recessions - when tech is no longer new, the more educated cope better and with a diverse economic base.
The role of the government in patterns of social inequality
AC - governments spend on areas like health, pensions and educations. Ageing population is problem with healthcare and pensions, large inequalities as level of pension depends on multiple factors (house own)
LIDC- lack resources and organisation to help.
Gov rely on funding through taxes and borrowing
who are the players that influence economic change (govs)
Stakeholders
Public players = goevernments
Transnational govs eu - issue support for construction of infrastructure e.g bridge building. Or opening or closing of factories.
National govs - responsible for educations and military bases
Local- building of a housing estate or shopping centre.
Role of governments and other things in place making GIS
GIS - plots data on a map
Allows to predicted traffic flows asa result of changes to road and where congestion may occur
Use GIS to predicted customer numbers when planning opening of new store.
Attraction of Foreign Direct Investment UK
UK- second largest amount on world after US
Led to ….
-free trade policies - free trade zones e.g southampton taxes do not apply part of post -brexit
-privatisation - public owned assets sold to private investors e.g Royal Mail - to increase FDI and increase growth
How planners and architects make places
Architecture - appearance of neighbourhoods perceived negatively or positively e.g high rise residential blocks in cities in Europe unappealing and issues like damp, whereas london dock lands developments possible impacts.
Factors behind transition to 24-hour city
Population change - more people in city centres
Rise in international tourism e.g Las Vegas
Re imaging rebranding and regeneration
- Creating a new mental image of a place e.g architecture and events
- Marketing a place to give new identity
- Long term process of improving economic aspects
Strategies used to rebrand
LEFTM
Legacy - investment after sporting events e.g olympics
Events
Flagship - large scale one off properties e.g millennium stadium
Top down - large scale organisations e.g Manchester
Market led - private investors e.g property developers (gentrification) low income inner city housing invaded by higher income refurbished groups.
