ELS Q2 Quiz 2 Flashcards
what is the metabolic process of plants?
photosynthesis
what are the two main plant systems?
shoot system, root system
- roots, tubers, and rhizomes
- penetrates soil
- water and nutrient absorption
root system
- stem, leaves, flowers, fruits
- for various functions such as
○ photosynthesis
○ reproduction
shoot system
what are the 3 plant tissue systems
dermal tissue system
ground tissue system
vascular tissue system
- made up of flattened cells (epidermis)
- covers the other surfaces of plants
- aka surface tissues
- functions: secretes waxy cuticle to prevent water loss, protect against insect and disease, stomata or stoma aids in gas exchange, trichomes for heat and water balance of leaves, root hairs for water/nutrient absorption
dermal tissue system
what are the 3 kinds of ground tissue systems
parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma
- tissues that are found in the center of stems and middle of leaves
- aka fundamental tissues
ground tissue system
○ large cube-shaped cells
○ for photosynthesis
○ food storage
○ cell damage repairs
○ forms the mass of stems, leaves
parenchyma
○ elongated cells with thick, flexible cell walls
○ for growth support
collenchyma
○ aka stone cells
○ dead cells
○ plant strength and support in maturity
sclerenchyma
2 types of sclerenchyma
fibers, sclereids
● cells are short and of same diameter
with blunt end
● may be branched or
unbranched
sclereids
● the cells are elongated and
tapering at end
● generally
unbranched
fibers
● blood vessels of plants
● allow movement of water and nutrients in different plant parts
vascular tissue system
2 types of vascular tissue system
xylem, phloem
○ Conducts water and minerals
○ From root to plant parts
○ Water reaches leaves, and most water exit the leaves thru stomata, becoming vapor
xylem
2 types of xylem
tracheids, vessel elements
narrow xylem
tracheids
wider xylem, capable of conducting water and minerals
vessel elements
○ transports organic compounds
○ conduct sugars (glucose) coming from
leaves to different plant parts
○ nutrient-conducting tissue
phloem
what are the plant organs?
roots, stems, leaves, flowers
what is the smallest unit to largest unit of plants?
Meristem > Cells> Cell Differentiation > Tissues > Organs
● Plant anchor in the soil
● Water/mineral absorption
● Root system length = Shoot system length
○ nodes - structural support (crucial), new stem or leaves are attached here
○ internodes - spaces between nodes, like blood vessels (transports water, nutrients, hormones, minerals)
○
to support whole plant
Roots
● Plant growth and leaf support for photosynthesis
● Flower and fruit support
● Transport water and other nutrients between roots,
leaves, and other plant parts (xylem and phloem)
● Some stems are modified for storage
● Composed of ground, epidermis and dermal
tissues
stems
structural support (crucial), new stem or leaves are attached here
nodes
spaces between nodes, like blood vessels (transports water, nutrients, hormones, minerals)
internodes
