ELS

Question 1

Secondary survey

SAMPLE

Answer 1

Signs / symptoms 
Allergies 
Medication 
Past medical history 
Last oral intake 
Events leading to injury

Question 2

DOTS

Answer 2

Deformities
Open wounds
Tenderness
Swelling

Question 3

Anaphylactic shock signs and symptoms

Answer 3

• Breathing difficulty
• Skin reaction (itching or burning especially over face and upper chest with rash or hives)
• Swelling of the tongue, mouth or throat
• sneezing / coughing
• tightness in the chest
• blueness around lips and mouth
• dizziness
• nausea and vomiting

Question 4

Diabetes

Answer 4

Type 1 - require external insulin
Type 2 - not dependent on external insulin

Low blood sugar - Hypoglycaemia
High blood sugar - Hyperglycaemia

Question 5

DRSABC

Answer 5

Danger
Response 
Shout for help 
       Catastrophic bleeds
Airway
Breathing
Circulation

Question 6

When to stop CPR

Answer 6

Medical assistance
Exhaustion
Defibrillator arrives
Significant signs of improvement

Question 7

Levels of response

Answer 7

AVPU

Alert - casualty fully alert
Voice - responds to voice
Pain -
Unresponsive

Question 8

Stroke

Answer 8

FAST

Facial weakness
Arm weakness
Speech problems
Time to call 999

Question 9

Types of shock

Answer 9

Hypovolaemic shock - caused by loss of body fluids

Cardiogenic shock - fall in blood pressure

Anaphylactic shock - allergic reaction caused by massive over-reaction of the body’s immune system

Fainting - caused by poor nervous control of blood vessels and heart

Question 10

Treating bleeds

PEEP

Answer 10

Position
Examine/expose
Evaluate (elevate)
Pressure