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legna > ELS > Flashcards

ELS Flashcards

1
Q

(1) It has liquid water.
(2) surface or lithosphere which includes the crust and the upper mantle; and
(3) It has atmosphere that shelters it from the worst of the sun’s rays.

A

EARTH

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2
Q

it is the gaseous layer above the Earth’s surface, primarily composed of 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. Other gases like argon, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, and other inert gases made the remaining 1%.

A

ATMOSPHERE

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3
Q

__%nitrogen and __%oxygen

A

78% and 21%

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4
Q

the zone of Earth where all forms of life exist: in the sea, on land, and in water.

A

BIOSPHERE

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5
Q

as the large ecosystem

A

BIOSPHERE

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6
Q

a very thin layer of the earth’s surface.

A

BIOSPHERE

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7
Q

the solid Earth, consisting of the entire planet from the center of the core to the outer crust. It includes the core, mantle, and crust of the Earth.

A

GEOSPHERE

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8
Q

the water part of the Earth which circulates among oceans, continents, glaciers, and atmosphere.

A

HYDORSPHERE

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9
Q

Oceans cover __% of the Earth and contain __% of its water.

A

71% AND 97.5%

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10
Q

Earth’s spheres

A

geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.

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11
Q

atmosphere (___), biosphere (_____), hydrosphere (____), and geosphere (____).

A

AIR-LIVING THINGS-WATER-LAND

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12
Q

The biosphere receives

A

gases, heat, and sunlight (energy) from the atmosphere.

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13
Q

mineral’s color may change depending on the surface.

A

color

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14
Q

color of mineral in powdered form

A

streak

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15
Q

minerals resistance to scratching

A

Hardeness

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16
Q

mineral’s resistance to being broken and fracture

A

Cleavage

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17
Q

structure or habit

A

Crystalline

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18
Q

ability to allow light to pass through it. This is affected by chemical makeup of the mineral sample.

A

Diaphaneity/amount of transparency

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19
Q

how light is reflected off a surface

A

Luster

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20
Q

describes the minerals reaction to stress.

A

tenacity

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21
Q

ability of minerals to be slide by a knife

A

sectility

22
Q

Petrology

A

study of rocks

23
Q

formed from hardening and crystallization of magma or molten material that originates deep within the earth.

A

Igneous

24
Q

forms when magma makes its way to Earth’s surface as lava and then cools. The crystals are very small (fine-grained) since the cooling process is fast.

A

Extrusive/Volcanic rock

25
Q

It cools slowly beneath the Earth surface and are created by magma.

A

Intrusive/Plutonic

26
Q

transformation of one rock type into another

A

metamorphism

27
Q

It may happen when rock is buried deep below the surface of the earth.

A

Regional

28
Q

the rock minerals and textures are changed mainly by heat due to contact with magma

A

contact

29
Q

Exogenic Process

A

weathering - erosion - transport - deposition

30
Q

is the separation and removal of weathered rocks due to different agents like water, wind, and glacier that causes transportation of the material to where they are deposited.

A

erosion

31
Q

breakdown of rocks into pieces without any change in their composition.

A

mechanical/physical weathering

32
Q

mechanical transfer of heat by vibration of atoms and molecules

A

conduction

33
Q

is the transfer of heat by the movement of mass, and it is a more effective
mode of heat transport in the Earth than pure conduction.

A

convection

34
Q

is the least important mode of heat transport in the Earth

A

radiation

35
Q

Convection currents are identified in

A

Earths outer core and mantle

36
Q

is composed of semi-liquid hot molten rocks located beneath the Earth, specifically in the melted mantle rock and oceanic plate

A

magma

37
Q

formed by magma intrusion

A

igneous rock

38
Q

They have a very high silica content; more than 65% of SiO2
● Before forming into igneous rocks, its magma has high viscosity, more viscous than the intermediate magma.
● They have light color.
● Their density is very low.
● They are composed of quartz and alkali feldspar.
● Examples of these rocks are granite and rhyolite

A

FELSIC IGNEOUS ROCK

39
Q

They have a very high silica content; more than 65% of SiO2
● Before forming into igneous rocks, its magma has high viscosity, more viscous than the intermediate magma.
● They have light color.
● Their density is very low.
● They are composed of quartz and alkali feldspar.
● Examples of these rocks are granite and rhyolite

A

FELSIC IGNEOUS ROCK

40
Q

formed on the surface of the Earth from lava, which is magma that has emerged from underground

A

EXTRUSIVE

41
Q

rocks are formed from magma that cools and solidifies within the crust of the planet.

A

INTRUSIVE

42
Q

Rising the material in the mantle spreads alongside, carrying the seafloor away from the seafloor ridges in the center of the ocean basin.

A

SEAFLOOR SPREADING

43
Q

is a plate boundary along which the relative motion between the two plates is parallel to the strike of the fault

A

transform fault

44
Q

where new crust is generated as the plates pull away from each other.

A

divergent

45
Q

where crust is destroyed as one plate dives under another.

A

convergent

46
Q

process creates layers of rock (strata).

A

Stratigraphy

47
Q

method of arranging geological events base on the rock sequence

A

Relative dating

48
Q

technique will you use in determining the numerical age of a rock or a fossil?

A

Absolute dating

49
Q

is the age of a rock layer while absolute age is the numeric dating of a layer of rock.

A

Relative dating

50
Q

was formed when soil and other Earth’s material are eroded and settle down forming one layer of Sediments

A

Sedimentary rock

51
Q

Geologic Time scale subdivision

A

Eons, eras, periods, epochs

52
Q
  • called as “Age of Reptiles” where dinosaurs and giant reptiles roamed the earth
A

Mesozoic ERA

legna (5 decks)

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